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采用药芯焊丝自保护明弧焊方法制备了含有17%~19%Cr、3.9%~4.2%C、0.6%~0.9%Si、0~3.2%V(质量分数)的耐磨合金。采用光学显微镜、X-射线衍射仪和扫描电镜,研究了其相组成及其底层、中间和盖面层的组织形态。结果表明,随着钒含量增加,减小母材Q235A对合金层成分稀释作用的不利影响,抑制蜂窝状变态莱氏体Ld′和鱼骨状(α-Fe+M7C3+M3C)共晶等脆性组织形成,增加了初生M7C3相体积分数,提高了该相韧性。此外,湿砂磨粒磨损试验结果表明,适量钒显著改善了明弧堆焊合金的耐磨性;表面磨损形貌分析显示,微观断裂(剥落)为其主要磨损机理。
A wear resistant alloy containing 17% ~ 19% Cr, 3.9% ~ 4.2% C, 0.6% ~ 0.9% Si, and 0 ~ 3.2% V (mass fraction) was prepared by arc welding with a flux cored wire. The phase composition and the morphology of the bottom, middle and cap layers were studied by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that with the increase of vanadium content, the adverse effect of base metal Q235A on the composition dilution of the alloy layer was reduced, and the brittleness of honeycomb-shaped ledeburite and fishbone (α-Fe + M7C3 + M3C) Tissue formation, an increase of primary M7C3 phase volume fraction, improve the phase toughness. In addition, the results of wet sand abrasion test show that proper amount of vanadium can significantly improve the wear resistance of bright-arc surfacing alloy. The analysis of surface wear morphology shows that micro-fracture (flaking) is the main wear mechanism.