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目的:探讨有氧运动对压力超负荷早期心肌肥厚、心功能及血管新生的影响。方法:8周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠分为4组:安静组(CON组),运动组(CE组),压力超负荷组(TAC组)和压力超负荷+运动组(TAE组)。每组15只。TAC组和TAE组施予升主动脉缩窄术(transverse aorta constriction,TAC),术后3天,CE组和TAE组进行2周中等强度跑台运动(10米/分×30分→13米/分×60分,5次/周)。2周后,在采集超声心动图和血流动力学数据后取材,采用免疫组织化学方法检测心肌血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF);采用RT-PCR方法检测心肌热休克转录因子(heatshock transcription factor-1,HSF-1)、缺氧诱导因子(hypoxia-inducible factor 1,HIF-1)及VEGFmRNA水平。结果:与CON组相比,TAC组血压升高50 mmHg,说明压力超负荷模型建立成功。与CON组相比,TAC组心肌增厚,心肌微血管增强,射血分数增加(P<0.05),处于代偿期。与CON组相比,CE组射血分数增加,血管新生增加(P<0.05),血管新生相关因子HSF-1、HIF-1和VEGF表达明显增加(P<0.01)。与TAC组相比,TAE组EF值增强(P<0.05),血管新生相关因子HSF-1、VEGF表达增加(P<0.05)。CE组(相对CON组)HSF-1、HIF-1、VEGF表达较CON组的增加幅度大于TAE组较TAC组的增加幅度。HSF-1表达规律与HIF-1、VEGF一致。结论:2周有氧运动有效增强压力超负荷代偿期小鼠心功能及血管新生因子HSF-1、HIF-1和VEGF表达。运动对心肌的保护作用可能与运动上调HSF1表达,促进血管新生因子HIF-1、VEGF表达增加,促进血管新生作用有关。
Objective: To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on early cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac function and angiogenesis in patients with stress overload. Methods: 8 weeks old male C57BL / 6J mice were divided into 4 groups: CON group, exercise group (CE group), pressure overload group (TAC group) and pressure overload group (TAE group). 15 in each group TAC group and TAE group were given transverse aorta constriction (TAC). Three days after operation, the CE group and the TAE group were subjected to moderate treadmill exercise (10 m / min x 30 min → 13 m / min × 60 points, 5 times / week). Two weeks later, the echocardiography and hemodynamics data were taken after acquisition, and the myocardial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected by immunohistochemical method. The expression of heat shock transcription factor heatshock transcription factor-1, HSF-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and VEGF mRNA. Results: Compared with the CON group, the blood pressure in the TAC group increased by 50 mmHg, indicating that the pressure overload model was established successfully. Compared with CON group, TAC group had thickening of myocardium, enhancement of myocardial microvessel and increase of ejection fraction (P <0.05), in compensatory phase. Compared with CON group, CE ejection fraction increased, angiogenesis increased (P <0.05), angiogenesis related factors HSF-1, HIF-1 and VEGF expression increased significantly (P <0.01). Compared with TAC group, the EF of TAE group increased (P <0.05), and the expression of HSF-1 and VEGF increased (P <0.05). The increase of HSF-1, HIF-1 and VEGF expression in CE group (relative to CON group) was more than that in CON group compared with TAE group. The expression of HSF-1 was consistent with that of HIF-1 and VEGF. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise for 2 weeks can effectively enhance the cardiac function and expression of HSF-1, HIF-1 and VEGF in compensated mice with pressure overload. The protective effects of exercise on myocardium may be related to the up-regulation of HSF1 expression, the promotion of the expression of angiogenic factor HIF-1 and VEGF, and the promotion of angiogenesis.