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古日语在通常情况下采用动词后续助动词「つ「」ぬ「」たり「」り」的形式表示动作的完成状态,即动词的完成貌。然而,笔者在考察日本古典文献过程中却发现,「動詞+着」结构也是表示动词的完成状态的一种重要形式。有鉴于此,本文在提出动词完成貌结构中存在「動詞+着」结构的基础上,又从结构特点上将「動詞+着」结构分为三类,并通过与古汉语四种情况的“动词+着”结构进行比较,归纳出古日语「動詞+着」的结构特征和语法功能。
Old Japanese usually uses the verb followed by the verb “つ” “” “ta り” “ri” in the form of the completion of the state of action, that is, verb completion. However, during the study of Japanese classical documents, the author found that the structure of “verb +” is also an important form of expressing the verb’s completion status. In view of this, on the basis of the existence of “verb +” structure in verb completion, the paper divides “Verb +” structure into three types from the structural features and compares it with the “ The structure of ”Verb + Zhu“ is compared with that of ”Verb + Zhu“, and the structural features and grammatical functions of ”Verb + Zhu" in ancient Japanese are summarized.