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以 7个自选系、7个外引系、外杂选系和按NCⅡ组配的 49个杂种F1 组合为研究材料。对差异显著的 7个株型性状应用混合线性模型、配合力两种分析方法对遗传方差和遗传力进行了比较分析。结果表明 :混合模型分析雄穗长揭示了显著的显性效应和不显著的加加上位性与加性效应 ,雄穗分枝数与其干重揭示了极显著的显性效应与加性效应 ,其余性状揭示了极显著的显性效应与加加上位性效应 ;配合力分析是在加—显遗传模型基础上进行的 ,只能揭示加性和显性效应。两种分析方法所得各遗传方差分量都存在显著差异 ,其差异因性状而异。分析表明 ,这些差异可能是由于不同方法对剩余方差分量和加性遗传方差分量估算不同而引起的。广义遗传率差异大小是基因型与环境的互作而引起的 ;狭义遗传率差异一部分是基因与环境的互作 ,另一部分却是两种方法所估算的加性 (加加上位性 )遗传方差不同而引起的。
A total of 49 hybrid F1 combinations including 7 optional lines, 7 introduced lines, extraneous lines and NCⅡwere selected as the research materials. The genetic variances and heritabilities of seven plant-type traits with significant difference were analyzed by mixed-linear model and combining ability analysis. The results showed that the mixed model analysis of tassel length revealed significant dominance and insignificant juxtaposition plus additive effects. The number of male branches and their dry weight revealed extremely significant dominant and additive effects, The rest of the traits revealed extremely significant dominance effects and plus epistasis effects. The analysis of combining ability was based on the additive-dominance model and revealed only additive and dominance effects. There are significant differences between the genetic variance components obtained by the two analysis methods, the differences between the two methods vary with traits. The analysis shows that these differences may be due to different methods to estimate the residual variance components and additive genetic variance components caused by different. Generalized heritability rate is caused by the interaction between genotypes and environment. The difference of narrow heritability rate is partly due to the interaction between gene and environment, and the other is the additive (plus plus-epistasis) genetic variance estimated by the two methods Caused by different