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对大宝山矿区自然定居和人工种植的13种优势植物的根际土壤污染状况及其对重金属的富集特征进行研究。结果表明,大宝山矿区土壤受重金属Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu污染,其中以Cd、Cu的污染最为严重。在调查的13种优势植物中,铺地黍地上部分的Pb含量达到1214.00mg/kg,泡桐叶中Cu含量达到1024.80mg/kg,超过了Pb和Cu超富集植物含量的临界值(1000mg/kg);其运转系数分别为1.77、13.74,且大于1.0,符合超富集植物的标准,表明铺地黍可能是Pb的超富集植物,泡桐可能是Cu的超富集植物。除铺地黍、泡桐外,其他11种优势植物的重金属吸收能力没有达到超富集植物的标准,但它们能在此区域生生不息,表现出对重金属有较强的耐性,其中象草、纤毛鸭嘴草、芒萁、五节芒、马尾松对重金属复合污染胁迫的耐性较强,可作为大宝山矿植被重建的先锋物种。
The rhizosphere soil pollution status and its enrichment characteristics of 13 dominant plants in the natural settlements and artificial planting in Dabashan mining area were studied. The results showed that the soil of Dabashan mining area was contaminated by Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu, and the pollution of Cd and Cu was the most serious. Among the 13 dominant plants surveyed, the content of Pb in the upper part of Millet reached 1214.00mg / kg and the content of Cu in the leaves of Paulownia reached 1024.80mg / kg, which exceeded the critical value of Pb and Cu hyperaccumulators (1000mg / kg). The coefficient of operation was 1.77, 13.74, respectively, which was higher than 1.0. It was in line with the standard of hyperaccumulator, indicating that the M. millet may be a hyperaccumulator of Pb and that Paulownia may be a hyperaccumulator of Cu. Except for millet and paulownia, the absorption ability of heavy metals of 11 other dominant plants did not reach the standard of hyperaccumulator, but they could survive in this area and showed strong tolerance to heavy metals, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Manglietia marchiana, Pinus massoniana and Pinus massoniana have strong tolerance to heavy metal pollution and can be used as the pioneer species for the reconstruction of the Dabaoshan Mine.