论文部分内容阅读
研究了花期干旱对盆栽玉米生长发育、生理特性和产量的影响及复水后植株的补偿生长。花期干旱使雌穗生长发育不良,产量下降,复水后被干旱所延迟的雌穗发育可以部分恢复,存在着明显的补偿生长。复水后产量的补偿表现为百粒重的增加,但这种补偿不足以弥补由于穗粒数的减少而导致的产量下降。随胁迫时间延长及胁迫强度的增加,叶片气孔阻力迅速增加,复水后气孔阻力迅速减小,胁迫强度愈大,恢复速率愈快,蒸腾速率与气孔阻力基本上呈相反的变化趋势。干旱下叶片细胞的光合活性受到明显抑制,叶片短时暗中复水可部分恢复叶片细胞的光合活性。复水后植株的补偿生长是抵御短期干旱的一种适应,而复水后气孔阻力及光合活性的恢复可能是雌穗补偿生长的物质基础。
The effects of flowering drought on the growth, physiological characteristics and yield of potted maize and compensatory growth of the plants after rewatering were studied. The flowering drought made the ear growth and development poor, the yield decreased, and after rewatering, the development of the ear delayed by drought could partially recover and there was obvious compensatory growth. The recovery of yield after rewatering shows the increase of 100-grain weight, but this compensation is not enough to make up for the decrease of grain yield due to the decrease of grain number per ear. Stomatal resistance increased rapidly with the prolongation of stress and stress intensity, and stomatal resistance rapidly decreased after rewatering. The higher the stress intensity and the faster the recovery rate, the more the transpiration rate and stomatal resistance tended to change. The photosynthetic activity of leaf cells under drought was significantly inhibited, and the leaf photosynthesis activity of leaf cells partially recovered under short-term water rehydration. The compensatory growth of the plants after rewatering is an adaptation to short-term drought, and the recovery of stomatal resistance and photosynthetic activity after rewatering may be the material basis for the compensatory growth of the female ear.