论文部分内容阅读
目的:观察并探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者黄斑区视网膜微血管参数与尿白蛋白/尿肌酐比值（UACR）的相关性。方法:横断面研究。2017年10月至2018年4月于徐州市第一人民医院眼科行眼底筛查的T2DM患者100例100只眼（T2DM组）和同期健康对照者27名27只眼（正常对照组）纳入研究。所有受检者均行裂隙灯显微镜和散瞳后眼底、标准7视野眼底彩色照相、光相干断层扫描血管成像（OCTA）以及空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、尿白蛋白、尿肌酐和UACR检查。测量受检者身高、体重，计算体重指数（BMI）。T2DM组患者均经散瞳眼底检查及标准7视野眼底彩色照相排除糖尿病视网膜病变。根据UACR将T2DM组患者再分为A1组（UACR300 mg/g），分别为38例38只眼、40例40只眼、22例22只眼。采用OCTA仪对受检眼右眼黄斑区6 mm×6 mm范围进行扫描，软件自动将其划分为以黄斑中心凹为中心的3个同心圆，分别是直径为1 mm的中心凹区，1~3 mm的旁中心凹区，3~6 mm的中心凹周围区。测量黄斑区6 mm范围内整体及不同分区浅层毛细血管丛（SCP）、深层毛细血管丛（DCP）血流密度以及黄斑中心凹无血管区（FAZ）面积、周长（PERIM）、非圆度指数（AI）。对黄斑区血流密度、FAZ与UACR的相关性行Spearman相关性分析。结果:A1组、A2组、A3组、正常对照组受检眼黄斑区SCP和DCP整体（n F=13.722、5.644）、中心凹区（n F=4.607、4.719）、旁中心凹区（n H=23.142，n F=2.904）、中心凹周围区（n F=12.292，n H=10.946）血流密度比较，差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）；随UACR增加，SCP和DCP各区域血流密度均呈下降趋势。相关性分析结果显示，T2DM患者SCP整体、旁中心凹区、中心凹周围区血流密度与UACR呈负相关（n r=-0.376、-0.240、-0.364、-0.347，n P0.05）。BMI、SCP中心凹区、DCP各区域血流密度与UACR不具有相关性（|n r|0.05）。n 结论:T2DM不伴糖尿病视网膜病变患者黄斑区SCP整体、旁中心凹区、中心凹周围区血流密度与UACR呈负相关。“,”Objective:To observe and analyze the correlation between macular microvascular parameters and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:A cross-sectional study. From October 2017 to April 2018, 100 eyes of 100 patients (T2DM) and 27 eyes of 27 healthy controls (the control group) were enrolled in Xuzhou First People’s Hospital. All subjects underwent anterior segment examination via slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, 7-field fundus photographs, OCT angiography (OCTA), the fasting glucose test, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urinary albumin, urinary creatinine and UACR levels determination. Height and weight measurement were taken for calculating body mass index (BMI). Diabetic retinopathy was ruled out by fundoscopic examinations and 7-field fundus photographs in T2DM patients. According to the UACR, patients in the T2DM group were subdivided into A1 group (UACR300 mg/g), with 38 cases and 38 eyes respectively , 40 cases with 40 eyes, 22 cases with 22 eyes. A 6 mm×6 mm scanning area centered on the macular fovea were scanned for right eye using a frequency domain OCTA instrument, which were divided into three concentric circles centered on the macular fovea by the software automatically. The foveal zone was defined as a circular area measuring 1 mm in diameter, the parafoveal zone was described as a middle circle area measuring 1-3 mm in diameter, and the perifoveal zone was an outer circle area measuring 3-6 mm in diameter. The vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), foveal avascular area (FAZ) and perimeter (PERIM), non-circularity index (AI) were measured. The correlation between the macular vessel density, FAZ and UACR was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:A1 group, A2 group, A3 group, and normal control group. The macular area SCP and DCP (n F=13.722, 5.644), foveal area (n F=4.607, 4.719), parafoveal area (n H=23.142, n F=2.904), the blood flow density of the area around the fovea (n F=12.292, n H=10.946), the difference was statistically significant (n P<0.05); with the increase of UACR, the blood flow density of each area of SCP and DCP showed a downward trend. The results of correlation analysis showed that the blood flow density of the whole SCP, parafoveal area, and surrounding area of T2DM patients was negatively correlated with UACR (n r=-0.376, -0.240, -0.364,-0.347, n P0.05). There were no correlation among blood flow density in BMI, SCP foveal area, DCP and UACR (|n r|0.05).n Conclusion:The whole, parafovea and perifovea vessel density values of SCP in T2DM eyes without DR are negatively correlated with UACR.