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清代庐州合肥(今安徽合肥市)人李鸿章(图1),是位晚清时期重要的人物。李鸿章字子黻,一字渐甫,号少荃,晚号仪叟。他所创办并主持的淮军与湘军,成为晚清政府生存的两大军事支柱;他亲手组建和开办的北洋海军与北洋水师学堂,成为中国军事近代化历程中的开拓者;他多次代表清政府,与诸列强国家开展外交活动,并签订了多个屈辱丧权的不平等条约,成为晚清外交界的代表人物;他又是晚清政府经
In the Qing Dynasty Luzhou Hefei (now Anhui Hefei) Li Hongzhang (Figure 1), is an important figure in the late Qing period. Li Hung-chang character Zi, the word gradually Fu, No. less Tsuen, late instrument 叟. The Huai Army and the Hunan Army, founded and chaired by him, became the two major military pillars for the survival of the government in the late Qing Dynasty. The Beiyang Navy and the Northern Naval Academy, which he personally founded and started, became the pioneers in the process of China’s military modernization. On behalf of the Qing government, diplomatic activities were carried out with the Powers and Powers and several unequal treaties of humiliation and humiliation were signed, becoming the representatives of the diplomatic community in the late Qing Dynasty. He was also a member of the government of the late Qing Dynasty