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【目的】筛选符合育种目标要求的甘蔗组合或种质,以扩大甘蔗遗传种质血缘,提高甘蔗育种效率。【方法】以云南不同生态类型的10份甘蔗细茎野生种无性系及其与栽培种杂交组配的17个组合有性世代群体为研究材料,应用R软件统计分析其株高、茎径、有效茎数、锤度、蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量等6个主要经济性状的配合力、遗传力。【结果】不同生态型甘蔗细茎野生种(父本)对其杂交后代的影响主要表现为蔗茎产量的改变,对后代主要经济性状的改良主要表现为产量性状的变化,而双亲对后代性状的改良主要表现在锤度、茎径、株高、有效茎数4个性状。在亲本及所配组合中,以不同组合方式对后代性状的影响较大,其次为父本,母本影响相对较小。湿热生态型甘蔗细茎野生种蔗茎产量的配合力表现突出,尤其是云割82-114、瑞割06-7-3,可作为高产育种的重要种质。半湿润半干燥型甘蔗细茎野生种的锤度表现出极高的配合力,尤其是云割83-174、云割83-160和云南1号,可作为高糖育种的优良种质。粤糖93-159×云割82-114、CP65-357×瑞割06-7-3和CP77-1776×云割82-114等3个组合的蔗糖、蔗茎产量和锤度特殊配合力均为正效应,是高糖、高产优良组合,应重点利用。【结论】云南不同生态型甘蔗细茎野生种无性系的蔗茎产量、蔗糖分遗传潜力表现不尽相同,应有目的地选择利用多种类型的甘蔗细茎野生种无性系创新种质,培育新型亲本,尽可能地丰富甘蔗育种遗传基础。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen sugarcane combinations or germplasm that meet the objectives of breeding in order to increase the bloodline of sugarcane genetic germplasm and improve the efficiency of sugarcane breeding. 【Method】 A total of 17 combinations of clonal sexual clones from 10 ecotypes of sugarcane slender stem wild clones and their crosses with cultivars were used as materials in this study. R-trees were used to analyze their plant height, stem diameter, Combining ability and heritability of 6 major economic traits, such as effective stem number, brix, cane yield and sucrose yield, were studied. 【Result】 The results showed that the effects of different ecological sugarcane stems wild species (male parent) on their offsprings were mainly due to the changes of the yield of the cane, the improvement of the main economic traits of the offspring was mainly the change of the yield traits, The improvement is mainly reflected in the brix, stem diameter, plant height, effective stem number 4 traits. Among the parents and their combinations, the effects of different combinations on the traits of the offspring were greater, followed by the male parent and the female parent had less influence. The combining ability of sugarcane stems and stems of wet and heat-edible sugarcane stems was outstanding, especially the mound cutting 82-114 and cutting cut 06-7-3, which could be used as important germplasm of high-yielding breeding. The billet weight of the semi-humid and semi-dry sugarcane slender stems showed extremely high combining ability, especially the mound 83-174, the mound 83-160 and the Yunnan No.1, which could be used as the excellent germplasm for high sugar breeding. Three combinations of sucrose, cane yield and brix with the sugar cane 93-159 × cloud cutting 82-114, CP65-357 × reaping 06-7-3 and CP77-1776 × cloud cutting 82-114 For the positive effect, is a high sugar, high yield excellent combination, should focus on the use. 【Conclusion】 There are different manifestations of cotyledon yield and sucrose genetic potential in different ecological types of sugarcane stems wild clones in Yunnan. Innovative germplasm should be selected and cultivated using different types of sugarcane stems, New parents, as much as possible to enrich the genetic basis of sugarcane breeding.