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自巴西学者杜布莱娜(Dbereiner)发现一些自生固氮菌能与一些野生禾本科牧草的根系进行结合性共生固氮以来,引起了许多学者的兴趣。这是由于许多谷物,包括小麦和玉米,从遗传学上讲都是由野生禾本科草类演化而来的。和豆科植物不同,这些细菌在作物根上并不形成根瘤一样的结构,而是生长在根的表面或是根的表层里,进行着联合性共生固氮作用。例如,Dbereiner氏等人报导,当把分纯的带脂刚螺菌(Spirillum lipoferum)接到玉米根部时,它们能进行固氮作用。其固氮率可达2公斤/公顷/天。与豆科根瘤菌的固氮量相仿。Dommergues曾报导,贝氏固氮菌(Bijerinckasp.)能与水稻联合共生进行固氮。Yoshida等利用乙炔还原法在某些水稻品种的根茎测得了固氮酶的活性。国内,湖北微生物研究所和福建农学院微生物研究室也对玉米和水稻根际联合性共生固氮微生物进行了研究。
Since the Brazilian scholar Dbereiner discovered that some autotrophic Azotobacter can bind to the symbiotic nitrogen fixation of the roots of some wild grasses, it has aroused many scholars’ interest. This is due to the fact that many cereals, including wheat and corn, are genetically inherited from wild grasses. Unlike legumes, these bacteria do not form nodules on the root of the crop, but rather grow on the surface of the root or on the surface of the root, allowing for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. For example, Dbereiner et al. Reported that nitrogen fixation of Spirillum lipoferum can be achieved when it is attached to the corn roots. Its nitrogen fixation rate up to 2 kg / ha / day. And leguminous rhizobia nitrogen fixation similar. Dommergues reported that Bijerinckasp. Co-symbioses with rice for nitrogen fixation. Yoshida et al. Used acetylene reduction to measure nitrogenase activity in the rhizomes of some rice varieties. Domestic, Hubei Institute of Microbiology and Fujian Agricultural College of Microbiology Laboratory also corn rhizosphere and corn rhizosphere symbiotic nitrogen fixation microorganisms were studied.