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国家卫生健康委员会和国家中医药管理局联合印发的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案（试行第五版修正版）》推荐了3种抗病毒药物，包括干扰素α（雾化吸入）、洛匹那韦/利托那韦（口服）和利巴韦林（静脉输注）。另外，一种尚未上市的抗病毒药物瑞德西韦也在我国展开了临床试验。本文主要就干扰素、洛匹那韦/利托那韦和利巴韦林在SARS冠状病毒、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒感染等治疗中的安全性数据以及瑞德西韦在动物实验、Ⅰ期临床试验、治疗埃博拉病毒感染临床试验中的安全性数据及用于1例新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗的初步数据进行简要综述，为临床安全用药提供参考。“,”Three antiviral drugs, including interferon α (aerosol inhalation), lopinavir/ritonavir (oral medication), and ribavirin (intravenous infusion), are recommended by Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (revised version, the 5th ed), which was issued by the National Health Commission of People′s Republic of China and National Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine. In addition, clinical trials on a new antiviral drug ---remdesivir which is not yet on the market has also been launched in China. Medication safety related data on treatment for infections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, middle respiratory syndrome coronavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, lopinavir/ritonavir, and ribavirin, safety data of remdesivir in animal experiment, phase I clinical trials and clinical trials of treating Ebola virus infection, and preliminary reports of treatment in novel coronavirus pneumonia were briefly reviewed, aiming to provide evidence for clinical safety medication.