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由于激光技术的进步，特别是超短脉冲啁啾技术的突破，在实验室中产生强度大于 ３．５ｘ１０１６Ｗ ／Ｃｍ２，脉冲宽度小于 １００ ｆｓ的激光已不是困难的事情．这样强的激光中的电场矢量的峰值强度已达到或超过氢原子第一玻尔轨道上电子所感受到的核库仑电场的强度５．０×?
Due to the progress of laser technology, especially the breakthrough of ultra-short pulse chirp technique, it is not difficult to produce a laser with a laser intensity greater than 3.5 × 10 16 W / cm 2 and a pulse width of less than 100 fs in the laboratory. The intensity of the electric field vector in such a strong laser has reached or exceeded the intensity of the Coulomb’s electric field that the electrons on the first Bohr orbital of a hydrogen atom experience 5.0 ×?