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目的:对HIV感染者调节性T细胞(Regulatory T cell,Treg)上B、T淋巴细胞衰减因子(B and T lymphocyte attenuator,BTLA)的表达水平进行检测,并探讨其在HIV感染进程中的作用。方法:选取24例感染在一年之内的HIV早期感染者(Early HIV infected patients,EHI组)、14例感染超过一年的HIV慢性感染者(CD4+T计数>200 cells/μl,HIV组)、6例AIDS患者(CD4+T计数<200 cells/μl,AIDS组)和9例健康人作为对照,应用流式细胞仪检测不同时期感染者及健康对照者Treg细胞BTLA的表达水平,分析其与疾病进展及免疫活化的相关性。结果:随着HIV疾病进展,EHI组、HIV组及AIDS组Treg细胞BTLA表达水平依次升高,其中HIV组与AIDS组Treg细胞BTLA表达水平显著高于EHI组(P<0.05及P<0.01),AIDS组Treg细胞BTLA的表达水平高于健康对照(P<0.05);Treg细胞BTLA表达水平与CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数呈负相关(P<0.001),与病毒载量呈正相关(P<0.01);Treg细胞BTLA表达水平与活化CD4~+CD38~+T淋巴细胞及CD4~+HLA-DR~+T淋巴细胞呈正相关(P<0.001,P<0.001)。结论:HIV感染者Treg细胞BTLA表达升高,与疾病进展显著相关,提示其可能通过加强Treg细胞的抑制功能加速疾病进展,并为未来HIV感染的干预提供信息。
OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (Bcl-T lymphocyte attenuator) on regulatory T cells (Treg) in HIV-infected patients and to explore its role in the progression of HIV infection . Methods: Twenty-four HIV patients (Early HIV infected patients, EHI group) infected within one year and 14 HIV-infected patients (CD4 + T count> 200 cells / ), 6 AIDS patients (CD4 + T count <200 cells / μl, AIDS group) and 9 healthy volunteers as control. The expression of BTLA in Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry at different time points. Its relevance to disease progression and immune activation. Results: With the progression of HIV, the expression levels of BTLA in Treg cells in EHI group, HIV group and AIDS group increased successively. The expression level of BTLA in Treg cells in HIV group and AIDS group was significantly higher than that in EHI group (P <0.05 and P <0.01) , The level of BTLA in Treg cells in AIDS group was higher than that in healthy controls (P <0.05). The level of BTLA in Treg cells was negatively correlated with CD4 ~ + T lymphocyte count (P <0.001), and positively correlated with viral load (P < 0.01). The expression of BTLA in Treg cells was positively correlated with activated CD4 ~ + CD38 ~ + T lymphocytes and CD4 ~ + HLA-DR ~ + T lymphocytes (P <0.001, P <0.001). CONCLUSION: The increased expression of BTLA in Treg cells of HIV-infected patients is significantly correlated with the progression of the disease, suggesting that it may accelerate the progression of the disease by enhancing the inhibitory function of Treg cells and provide information for the future intervention of HIV infection.