七十年代的美国劳动生产率明显下降,为了走出困境,美国企业试图学习日本密切企业与职工关系的做法。其中一项尝试就是实行职工持股制度。1985年时已有1000万人以上参加了这一制度,且其人数还在急速增加。这反过来又促进了日本广泛采用这一制度。1989年在上市的2301家日本股份公 In the 1970s, labor productivity in the United States decreased significantly. To get out of the predicament, U.S. companies tried to learn about Japan’s close corporate and employee relations. One of the attempts is to implement the employee stock ownership system. In 1985, more than 10 million people participated in this system, and their numbers are still increasing rapidly. This in turn has promoted the widespread adoption of this system in Japan. 231 Japanese companies listed on the stock market in 1989