水痘为临床常见病,但出血型水痘罕见,警惕性不高时易误诊误治。我院收治1例,曾误诊为流行性脑脊髓膜炎(下称流脑)暴发型。现报告如下。病例:女性,4岁。于入院前4天因受凉后出现发热,体温38～39℃,持续不退;头痛并呕吐1次,无意识障碍。于发热2天后出现皮疹、始于躯干,渐及颈项、面部, Chickenpox is a common clinical disease, but rare bleeding varicella, low vigilance easy misdiagnosis and mistreatment. One patient was admitted to our hospital, who had misdiagnosed as epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (hereinafter referred to as meningitis) fulminant. The report is as follows. Case: Female, 4 years old. 4 days before admission due to fever after the cold, body temperature 38 ~ 39 ℃, sustained remission; headache and vomiting 1, unconsciousness. 2 days after the fever rash, began in the trunk, gradually and neck, face,