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目的：探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶( NSE )和 S100 calcium binding protein ( S100B )蛋白同急性脊髓损伤的关系，并观察这两个生物标记物与急性脊髓损伤患者神经功能改善的关系。方法共纳入27例急性脊髓损伤患者，检测患者损伤后当天、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10天时血清 NSE 和 S100B 蛋白水平，同时评价入院时和随访6个月时神经功能。根据损伤后6个月时患者的感觉和运动功能恢复情况，将27例分为恢复较好组( A 组，n＝9)和恢复一般组( B 组，n＝18)，选年龄、性别相匹配的25名健康成人志愿者作为健康对照组( C 组)。结果C 组血清 NSE 和 S100B 蛋白水平分别为：(14.38±1.12)μg / L、(0.89±0.13)μg / L。伤后2天 B 组患者血清 NSE 水平升至高峰[(109.56±13.24)μg / L，t＝34.98，P＜0.05]，随后呈下降趋势；伤后3天 A 组患者的血清 NSE 水平升至高峰[(70.48±10.42)μg / L，t＝25.48，P＜0.05]。在伤后7天内，A 组患者每天的血清 NSE 水平依次为[(28.29±10.89)μg / L，t＝6.47，P＜0.05；(45.26±9.21)μg / L，t＝16.88，P＜0.05；(70.48±10.42)μg / L，t＝27.23，P＜0.05；(43.25±8.51)μg / L，t＝17.02， P＜0.05；(40.18±7.89)μg / L，t＝16.34，P＜0.05；(37.59±11.56)μg / L，t＝10.19，P＜0.05；(29.25±8.98)μg / L，t＝8.33，P＜0.05]，均明显高于 C 组。在伤后7天内，B 组患者每天的血清 NSE 水平依次为：[(46.34±11.25)μg / L，t＝14.16，P＜0.05；(109.56±13.24)μg / L，t＝35.91，P＜0.05；(98.37±8.64)μg / L，t＝48.25，P＜0.05；(90.35±10.33)μg / L，t＝36.62，P＜0.05；(73.55±10.45)μg / L，t＝28.20，P＜0.05；(80.34±9.75)μg / L，t＝33.66，P＜0.05；(71.56±11.49)μg / L，t＝28.42，P＜0.05]也均明显高于 C 组。在伤后7天内，A 组患者每天的血清 S100B 蛋白水平依次为 [(1.36±0.49)μg / L，t＝4.46，P＜0.05；(2.24±0.62)μg / L，t＝10.52，P＜0.05；(2.92±0.54)μg / L，t＝17.79，P＜0.05；(2.35±0.38)μg / L，t＝16.82，P＜0.05；(2.11±0.33)μg / L，t＝15.47，P＜0.05；(1.92±0.39)μg / L，t＝11.64， P＜0.05；(1.81±0.41)μg / L，t＝5.43，P＜0.05]，均明显高于 C 组。B 组患者每天的血清 S100B 蛋白水平依次为：[(2.24±0.45)μg / L，t＝14.28，P＜0.05；(3.21±0.62)μg / L，t＝18.25，P＜0.05；(4.02±0.51)μg / L，t＝29.55，P＜0.05；(3.76±0.53)μg / L，t＝26.15，P＜0.05；(3.26±0.46)μg / L，t＝24.58，P＜0.05；(3.32±0.45)μg / L，t＝25.71，P＜0.05；(3.12±0.47)μg / L，t＝22.68，P＜0.05]也均明显高于 C 组。患者血清 NSE：A 组(70.48±10.42)μg / L，B 组(109.56±13.24)μg / L，( t＝7.41，P＜0.05)；S100B 蛋白：A 组(2.92±0.54)μg / L，B 组(4.02±0.51)μg / L，( t＝5.03，P＜0.05)。血清 NSE 与急性脊髓损伤患者入院时 ASIA 感觉功能评分及感觉恢复率存在负相关( r＝-0.70，P＝0.04；r＝-0.86，P＜0.01)；血清 NSE 与急性脊髓损伤患者入院时 ASIA 运动功能评分及运动恢复率存在负相关( r＝-0.59，P＜0.01；r＝-0.93，P＜0.01)。血清 S100B 蛋白与急性脊髓损伤患者入院时 ASIA 感觉功能评分及感觉恢复率存在负相关( r＝-0.72，P＝0.03；r＝-0.85，P＜0.01)；血清 S100B 蛋白与急性脊髓损伤患者入院时 ASIA 运动功能评分及运动恢复率存在负相关( r＝-0.71，P＜0.01；r＝-0.92，P＜0.01)。结论血清 NSE 和 S100B 蛋白水平可较好地反映急性脊髓损伤的程度，对于评价急性脊髓损伤预后有较大价值。“,”Objective To determine the levels of neuron-specific enolase ( NSE ) and S100B protein in patients with acute spinal cord injury and observe a possible relationship between the improvements of neurological function and biomarker levels. Methods The subjects of this study included 27 patients with acute spinal cord injury, serum levels of NSE and S100B protein were measured on the day of injury and 2 to 10 days after injury once daily, and evaluated neurological function on admission and during a 6-month follow-up. According to the functional recovery of sensory and motor 6 months after the injury, 27 cases were divided into Group A ( with AIS improvement group, n = 9 ) and Group B ( without AIS improvement group, n = 18 ). Twenty-five healthy adult volunteers whose age and sex matched with the patients were chosen as Group C. Results Serum NSE and S100 calcium binding protein B ( S100B protein ) levels of the normal control group were ( 14.38 ± 1.12 ) μg / L and ( 0.89 ± 0.13 ) μg / L. In group A, serum NSE levels rose to the highest on day 2 [ ( 109.56 ± 13.24 ) μg / L, t = 34.98, P < 0.05 ] after injury, then overall declined. In group B, serum NSE levels rose to the highest on day 3 [ ( 70.48 ± 10.42 ) μg / L, t = 25.48, P < 0.05 ] after injury. Within 7 days after the injury, the serum NSE level of each monitoring point in the group A were: [ ( 28.29 ± 10.89 ) μg / L, t = 6.47, P < 0.05; ( 45.26 ± 9.21 ) μg / L, t = 16.88, P < 0.05; ( 70.48 ± 10.42 ) μg / L, t = 27.23, P < 0.05; ( 43.25 ± 8.51 ) μg / L, t = 17.02, P < 0.05; ( 40.18 ± 7.89 ) μg / L, t = 16.34, P < 0.05; ( 37.59 ± 11.56 ) μg / L, t = 10.19, P < 0.05; ( 29.25 ± 8.98 ) μg / L, t = 8.33, P < 0.05 ], and were significantly higher than the group C. Within 7 days after the injury, the serum NSE level of each monitoring point in the group B were: [ ( 46.34 ± 11.25 ) μg / L, t = 14.16, P < 0.05; ( 109.56 ± 13.24 ) μg / L, t = 35.91, P < 0.05; ( 98.37 ± 8.64 ) μg / L, t = 48.25, P <0.05; ( 90.35 ± 10.33 ) μg / L, t = 36.62, P < 0.05; ( 73.55 ± 10.45 ) μg / L, t = 28.20, P < 0.05; ( 80.34 ± 9.75 ) μg / L, t = 33.66, P < 0.05; ( 71.56 ± 11.49 ) μg / L, t = 28.42, P < 0.05 ], and were significantly higher than the group C. Within 7 days after the injury, the serum S100B protein level of each monitoring point in the group A were: [ ( 1.36 ± 0.49 ) μg / L, t = 4.46, P < 0.05; ( 2.24 ± 0.62 ) μg / L, t = 10.52, P < 0.05; ( 2.92 ± 0.54 ) μg / L, t = 17.79, P < 0.05;( 2.35 ± 0.38 ) μg / L, t = 16.82, P < 0.05; ( 2.11 ± 0.33 ) μg / L, t = 15.47, P < 0.05; ( 1.92 ± 0.39 ) μg / L, t = 11.64, P <0.05; ( 1.81 ± 0.41 ) μg / L, t = 5.43, P < 0.05 ], and were significantly higher than the group C. Within 7 days after the injury, the serum S100B protein level of each monitoring point in the group B were: [ ( 2.24 ± 0.45 ) μg / L, t = 14.28, P < 0.05; ( 3.21 ± 0.62 ) μg / L, t = 18.25, P < 0.05; ( 4.02 ± 0.51 ) μg / L, t = 29.55, P < 0.05; ( 3.76 ± 0.53 ) μg / L, t = 26.15, P < 0.05; ( 3.26 ± 0.46 ) μg / L, t = 24.58, P < 0.05; ( 3.32 ± 0.45 ) μg / L, t = 25.71, P < 0.05; ( 3.12 ± 0.47 ) μg / L, t = 22.68, P < 0.05 ], and were significantly higher than the group C. Patients in the group B had significantly higher NSE levels compared with patients in the group A [ ( 109.56 ± 13.24 ) μg / L, ( 70.48 ± 10.42 ) μg / L, t = 7.41, P < 0.05 ]. Patients in the group B had significantly higher S100B protein levels compared with patients in the group A [ ( 4.02 ± 0.51 ) μg / L, ( 2.92 ± 0.54 ) μg / L, t = 5.03, P < 0.05 ]. Serum NSE protein level were negatively correlated with the American Spinal Injury Association ( ASIA ) sensation score of patients admitted to hospital, and negatively correlated with the recovery rate of sensation, and the correlation was statistically significant ( r = -0.70, P =0.04; r = -0.86, P < 0.01 ). Serum NSE protein levels were negatively correlated with the ASIA motor score of patients admitted to hospital, and negatively correlated with the recovery rate of motor, and the correlation was statistically significant ( r = -0.59, P < 0.01; r = -0.93, P < 0.01 ). Serum S100B protein levels were negatively correlated with the ASIA sensation score of patients admitted to hospital, and negatively correlated with the recovery rate of sensation, and the correlation was statistically significant ( r = -0.72, P = 0.03; r = -0.85, P < 0.01 ). Serum S100B protein level was negatively correlated with the ASIA motor score of patients admitted to hospital, and negatively correlated with the recovery rate of motor, and the correlation was statistically significant ( r = -0.71, P < 0.01; r = -0.92, P < 0.01 ). Conclusions Measuring serum levels of NSE and S100B protein over time is useful for evaluating the severity and prognosis of acute spinal cord injury.