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用普通小麦品种“中国春”(Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring, 2n=6x=42,AABBDD)与沙生冰草(Agropyron desertorum(Fisch.)Schult., 2n=4x=28,PPPP)杂交,首次获得了杂种F_1,同时通过F_1自交和用小麦回交,首次得到了普通小麦与冠状冰草群间的杂种F_2和BC_1种子。杂种F_1的幼苗形态似母本“中国春”,有效分蘖多,穗型为中间型。染色体配对频率平均为:6.621+8.20 RingⅡ+4.16 RodⅡ+0.57Ⅲ+0.35Ⅳ+0.06Ⅴ+0.03Ⅵ。讨论了普通小麦与沙生冰草杂交成功的经验及杂种F_1染色体配对频率高,且能自交结实的原因。自交(F_2)和回交(BC_1)种子的获得,在理论和实践上均具有重要意义。
(Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) and Agropyron desertorum (Fisch.) Schult., 2n = 4x = 28, PPPP) The hybrid F_1 was obtained, and the hybrid F_2 and BC_1 seeds were obtained for the first time by F_1 selfing and backcrossing with wheat. The seedling morphology of hybrid F_1 resembled the female parent of “Chinese Spring”, with more effective tillers and panicle type. The average frequency of chromosome pairing was 6.621 + 8.20 RingⅡ + 4.16 RodⅡ + 0.57Ⅲ + 0.35Ⅳ + 0.06Ⅴ + 0.03Ⅵ. The successful experience of crossbreeding of common wheat and Sabina vulgaris was discussed, and the reason why F 1 chromosome of hybrids had high frequency of pairing and could be selfed and sturdy was discussed. The accession of F_2 and backcross (BC_1) seeds are both theoretically and practically significant.