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近10年来,中国在经济体制方面,经历了一场空前的变革。在农村,家庭承包责任制代替了人民公社制。今天,农民在农产品的生产和销售方面有了广泛的自由,换句话说,农民现在仅仅通过定购合同和国家保持联系。城市经济改革的进展没有这么快,原因之一是复杂的经济结构。为了简化这一经济结构,分解大型国营企业,代之以小型的家庭企业,无论是方法上还是经济上都是有意义的,正如我们在农业经济中所看到的那样。另一个原因是,政治决策者由于难以估计的改革风险而决定小步走,价格改革就是如此。虽然价格改革一直看作为经济改革的核心内
In the past 10 years, China has experienced an unprecedented change in its economic structure. In rural areas, the family contract responsibility system replaced the people’s commune system. Today, farmers have a wide range of freedoms in the production and marketing of agricultural products. In other words, peasants are now only in contact with the state through contract ordering. One of the reasons for the slowdown in urban economic reform is the complex economic structure. In order to simplify this economic structure, the disintegration of large state-owned enterprises, replaced by small-scale domestic enterprises, is both methodologically and economically meaningful, as we have seen in the agricultural economy. Another reason is that price-fixing reforms are the case when political decision-makers decide to walk lightly because of the inevitable reform risks. Although price reform has always been seen as the core of economic reform