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目的分析2011~2014年三亚市食物中毒的发生规律和特点,为制定预防食物中毒发生的对策和措施提供科学依据。方法对2011~2014年全国突发公共卫生事件网络报告中三亚市食物中毒发生起数、中毒人数、发生时间、发病特征、中毒场所及致病因素等进行统计分析。结果 2011~2014年三亚市突发公共卫生事件网络报告各类食物中毒33起,发病人数399人,无死亡病例。2012年食物中毒的报告起数及人数最多,占42.42%;食物中毒以不明原因为主,占54.55%。查明原因中以微生物性引起的食物中毒为主,中毒起数占30.30%(10/33),中毒例数占57.39%(229/399)。以副溶血性弧菌为主,中毒起数占21.21%(7/33),中毒例数占14.04%(56/399)。三亚市食物中毒主要发生于餐饮服务单位,第一季度是高发季节。结论应加大对餐饮服务单位的卫生监督,加强食品安全的宣传教育,提高该市食源性疾病的实验室诊断能力,提高食物中毒病因查明率。
Objective To analyze the occurrence and characteristics of food poisoning in Sanya City from 2011 to 2014 and provide scientific basis for the formulation of countermeasures and measures to prevent food poisoning. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the number of food poisoning, the number of poisoning, the time of occurrence, the incidence characteristics, the poisoning sites and the risk factors of food poisoning in Sanya City from 2011 to 2014 in the national network of public health emergencies. Results From 2011 to 2014, Sanya City Public Health Emergency Network reported 33 cases of various types of food poisoning, the number of cases of 399 people, no deaths. In 2012, the number of reported food poisoning cases and the largest number accounted for 42.42%. Food poisoning was dominated by unknown causes, accounting for 54.55% of the total. The main cause of food poisoning caused by microbial identification, poisoning accounted for 30.30% (10/33), poisoning accounted for 57.39% (229/399). Vibrio parahaemolyticus, poisoning accounted for 21.21% (7/33), poisoning accounted for 14.04% (56/399). Sanya food poisoning occurs mainly in catering service units, the first quarter is the high season. Conclusions Health supervision of catering service units should be strengthened, publicity and education on food safety should be strengthened, laboratory diagnostic ability of foodborne diseases in the city should be enhanced, and the detection rate of the causes of food poisoning should be raised.