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目的了解广东省大众结核病防治知识知晓率情况,为有效开展结核病健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群等比例随机抽样方法,全省共抽取49 514名调查对象,采用结核病防治知识调查问卷进行面对面调查。调查共发放调查问卷49 514份,收回合格问卷49 514份,合格率100%。结果调查人群结核病防治知识的总知晓率为78.4%(194 183/247 570),其中60岁以上人群知晓率偏低[67.5%(32 265/47 765)]。户籍人口总知晓率为80.8%(166 838/206 505),明显高于流动人口的66.6%(27 345/41 065),差异有统计学意义(Z=63.96,P<0.01)。调查对象对结核病的症状和结核病能否治愈知晓率较高,分别为82.6%(40 904/49 514)和83.6%(41 369/49 514)。有28.9%(14 298/49 514)的调查对象表示怀疑得了结核病后不知前往何处检查。结论广东省公众结核病防治知识知晓率较高,但今后应采取更多综合的健康促进措施进一步提高公众结核病防治知晓。
Objective To understand the awareness of prevention and treatment of public tuberculosis in Guangdong Province and to provide a scientific basis for the effective promotion of tuberculosis health promotion. Methods A stratified cluster analysis was conducted on an equal proportion of random sampling methods. A total of 49 514 respondents from the province were surveyed, and a questionnaire on tuberculosis prevention and control was used to conduct face-to-face surveys. A total of 49 514 survey questionnaires were issued and 49 514 qualified questionnaires were returned, with a pass rate of 100%. Results The total awareness rate of tuberculosis control among the surveyed population was 78.4% (194 183/247 570), among which the awareness rate of people over 60 years old was low [67.5% (32 265/47 765)]. The total number of registered permanent residents was 80.8% (166 838/206 505), which was significantly higher than that of migrants (66.4%) (27 345/41 065). The difference was statistically significant (Z = 63.96, P <0.01). The respondents were more aware of the TB symptoms and tuberculosis cure, 82.6% (40 904/49 514) and 83.6% (41 369/49 514), respectively. 28.9% (14 298/49 514) of the respondents indicated that they had doubts about where to go after TB. Conclusion There is a high awareness rate of public tuberculosis prevention and control in Guangdong Province, but more comprehensive health promotion measures should be taken in the future to further raise public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control.