有序化栽插是抛秧稻稳定高产和进一步超高产的基础,明确有序抛栽水稻氮素吸收利用及转运特点对其氮素高效利用有重要意义。本试验通过摆栽、点抛、撒抛3种抛栽方式以及对新型秧盘培育稻株氮素吸收利用特征的比较,研究水稻钵苗有序化栽插超高产的氮素吸收积累特性。试验结果表明:(1)水稻有序摆抛栽各生育时期全株含氮率低于撒抛,有效分蘖临界叶龄期和拔节期吸氮量相对较低,拔节后吸氮量显著或极显著高于撒抛,阶段吸氮量均表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛。三连孔和二连孔植株各生育时期含氮率较高,且前期能保持适宜的吸氮量,拔节后吸氮能力显著增强,抽穗期、成熟期吸氮量和阶段吸氮量表现为二连孔>三连孔>单孔。(2)氮素农学利用率、生理利用率、偏生产力、氮素干物质生产效率、籽粒生产效率、氮素收获指数和产量均表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛、机插,氮素利用率各指标、偏生产力、氮素收获指数在不同连孔处理间均表现为二连孔>三连孔、单孔,百千克籽粒需氮量表现为二连孔、三连孔>单孔,氮素干物质生产效率、籽粒生产效率为二连孔、三连孔<单孔。(3)不同抛栽方式处理穗后穗部含氮率和吸氮量均表现为摆栽>点抛>撒抛、机插,茎鞘和叶片呈现相反的趋势;不同连孔处理穗后叶片和穗部含氮率均表现为二连孔>三连孔>单孔,抽穗期茎鞘的含氮率差异不显著,各器官中的吸氮量亦表现为二连孔>三连孔>单孔。不同抛栽方式间氮素转运量和转运率表现摆栽>点抛>撒抛,而茎鞘和叶的氮素转运量和转运率在不同连孔处理间均表现为二连孔、三连孔<单孔。水稻有序摆抛栽,尤其是二连孔有序摆抛,前期有合理含氮量和积累量,抽穗后具有较高的氮素积累量、转运量和转运率,其氮素农学利用率、生理利用率、偏生产力、氮素干物质生产效率、籽粒生产效率、氮素收获指数相对较高,是水稻有序摆抛栽高产的营养生理基础。 Sequential transplanting is the basis for the stable and high yielding and further super high yielding of rice transplanted rice. It is of great significance to clarify the characteristics of nitrogen uptake and utilization and translocation of orderly transplanted rice for its efficient use of nitrogen. In this study, we compared the characteristics of nitrogen uptake and utilization of rice seedlings by arranging planting, spotting, throwing and throwing and comparing the characteristics of nitrogen absorption and utilization of the rice seedlings cultivated by the new seedling. The results showed that: (1) Nitrogen content of the whole plant was lower than that of sprinkling and throwing at the stages of rice growth and tillering, and the nitrogen uptake at the critical leaf stage and jointing stage of effective tillering was relatively low. The nitrogen uptake after jointing was significantly Significantly higher than the throwing throwing, nitrogen uptake stage showed the performance of planting> point throw> scatter. The nitrogen content of the plants of Sanlian Holes and Erlian Holes was higher in each growth period, and the N uptake rate could be maintained in the early stage, while the nitrogen uptake ability after jointing increased significantly. The N uptake and N uptake in heading stage and maturity stage were Two with holes> Three holes> Single hole. (2) The rates of agronomic utilization, physiological utilization, partial productivity, NUE production efficiency, grain production efficiency, nitrogen harvest index and yield all showed pendulum planting> spotting> sprinkling, capping, nitrogen The indexes of utilization efficiency, partial productivity and nitrogen harvest index all showed two orifices> three orifices, and the nitrogen requirement for single and one hundred kilograms of grain showed two or three holes> single hole , Nitrogen dry matter production efficiency, grain production efficiency of two even holes, three holes even hole> single hole. There was no significant difference in the nitrogen content of stems and sheaths at heading stage, and the N uptake in all organs also showed as Erlian hole> Sanlian hole> Single hole. Nitrogen translocation and translocation rate of different throwing planted patterns were as follows:> throwing> throwing throwing. However, the nitrogen translocation rate and translocation rate of stem sheath and leaf showed two holes, Hole