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以湖北省十五种主要类型水稻土为研究对象,分析确定土壤钾的形态和含钾矿物的类型及其相对量以探明土壤供钾能力。试验表明:位于鄂南水稻土的各形态钾含量较低,土壤中含钾原生矿物主要为难分解的白云母和长石,粘土矿物以高岭石为主。由湖积物、花岗片麻岩、鄂北Q_3母质以及鄂西北红砂岩发育的水稻土,各形态钾含量较为丰富,或土壤中含有较多的易风化钾矿物,其粘土矿物以水云母为主。由花岗片麻岩发育的土壤含钾量主要集中于粗粒部分,而其他土壤含钾量主要聚集于粉粒和粘粒中。15种土壤供钾潜力与成土母质,土壤地带性分布以及钾的风化系数之间有密切的联系。
Taking fifteen main types of paddy soils in Hubei Province as the research object, the forms of potassium and the relative amounts of potassium-bearing minerals in soil were analyzed and determined to prove the ability of potassium supply. The results showed that the content of K in paddy soil in the southern Hubei Province was lower than that in the paddy soil. The primary potassium-bearing minerals in the soil were mainly muscovite and feldspar, which were difficult to decompose. The clay minerals were dominated by kaolinite. By the lake sediments, granite gneiss, Q_3 parent mineral in northern Hubei and northwestern Hubei red sandstone paddy soil developed, the various forms of potassium content is more abundant, or the soil contains more easily weathering potassium minerals, the clay minerals to mica Mainly. The potassium content in the soil developed from granite gneiss mainly concentrates in the coarse fraction while that in other soils mainly concentrates in the silt and clay. The potential of potassium supply in 15 soils was closely related to soil parent material, soil zonal distribution and weathering coefficient of potassium.