在软土地基上建设大面积地面堆载厂房,往往由于设计上没有很好地考虑基础的不均匀沉降及其对结构的影响,特别是生产使用不当,局部地方堆载过多,会发生上部结构(屋架、柱、墙梁、吊车梁和砖墙等)变形、裂缝或开裂、柱倾斜,有时还会使钢筋混凝土基础在局部变截面等处产生裂缝,以及桥式吊车产生滑车和卡轨现象,严重地影响生产和厂房的安全。本文通过对南京某厂硫酸车间原料工段厂房第一、二和第三期工程的沉降、裂缝等进行较长期深入的调查研究和分析,认为是 The construction of large-area ground-loaded powerhouses on soft soil foundations is often due to the fact that the design does not properly consider the uneven settlement of the foundation and its impact on the structure, especially if the production is improperly used and the local places are overloaded with excessive loads. Deformation, cracks or cracks in the structure (truss, columns, wall beams, crane girders, brick walls, etc.), tilting of the columns, sometimes causes cracks in reinforced concrete foundations at locally variable cross-sections, etc., and bridge cranes generate pulleys and rails. The phenomenon has seriously affected the safety of production and factory buildings. This article through a long-term and in-depth investigation and analysis of the settlement, cracks, etc. of the first phase, second phase and third phase of the plant in the raw material section of a sulphuric acid plant in Nanjing