犀角和羚羊角为重要的常用中药。一向由国外进口,价格昂贵,数量稀少,亚洲与非洲所产犀牛已日趋减少,有濒临绝灭之势,国际上呼吁自然保护,禁止猎取。为了广辟货源,寻找代用品,近年来对多种类似品如对水牛角、黄羊角、鹅喉羚羊角(长尾黄羊角)、山羊角、绵羊角等开展了化学、药理与临床的研究,表明有类似作用,其中水牛角已正式载人中国药典1977年版。鉴于上述药材多系制成镑片及粉末入药,故有必要进行显微鉴别的研究,找出其显微特征,为这些药材(碎片或镑片)及共粉末制剂(包括中成药散剂及丸剂等)的鉴定提供依据。本文以检索表的形式报告如下。 Rhinoceros and antelope horns are important common herbs. It has always been imported from abroad. The price is high and the quantity is scarce. The rhinoceros produced in Asia and Africa have been declining, and they are on the verge of extinction. Internationally, they call for natural protection and prohibit hunting. In order to expand the supply of goods and find substitutes, in recent years, chemical, pharmacological, and clinical studies have been carried out on a variety of similar products such as buffalo horns, yellow crow horns, goose-throated horns (long-tailed yellow horns), goat horns, and sheep horns. There are similar effects, of which buffalo horn has officially carried the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 1977 edition. In view of the fact that most of the above medicinal materials are made into pounds and powders for medicine, it is necessary to carry out microscopic identification studies to find out the microscopic characteristics of these medicinal materials (fragments or pounds) and co-powder preparations (including Chinese patent medicine powders and pills. Etc.) Provide the basis for the identification. This article is reported as a search form below.