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这篇文章阐明了选定小型制冷封闭式压缩机中最适宜的CFC12替代制冷剂的基本原则。方法包括对工作在小型制冷系统中的每种制冷剂在蒸发和冷凝温度范围内的一些物理和热力学性质的简单分析。在制冷剂间提供象蒸气压力,压缩比,最终的等熵压缩温度和容积制冷量这些参数的相对比较。介绍了用于适用于新制冷剂的封闭式压缩机开发的Embraco程序。方案最优化,材料互溶性分析,性能和可靠性产品测试及生产手段得到考虑。一个从初步制冷剂分析到开始产品生产过程的时间表已经确立。逐步采用新的有益于环境的制冷剂与逐步淘汰CFC化合物的策略得到讨论。以巴西为例,给出了发达国家与发展中国家差别焦点所在。
This article illustrates the basic principles for choosing the most suitable CFC 12 alternative refrigerant for a small refrigeration hermetic compressor. The method includes a simple analysis of some of the physical and thermodynamic properties of each refrigerant working in a small refrigeration system over the evaporating and condensing temperatures. Comparisons of these parameters such as vapor pressure, compression ratio, final isentropic compression temperature, and volumetric refrigeration are provided between the refrigerant compartments. The Embraco program for the development of hermetic compressors for new refrigerants is presented. Program optimization, material miscibility analysis, performance and reliability of product testing and production methods are taken into account. A schedule from the initial refrigerant analysis to the beginning of the production process has been established. The strategy of phasing in new environmentally friendly refrigerants and phase-out of CFC compounds is discussed. Taking Brazil as an example, it gives the difference between developed and developing countries.