盐酸纳洛酮是由人工合成的阿片受体拮抗剂,为羟二氢吗啡酮的衍生物,其化学结构与吗啡相似,只是在吗啡分子式上的N-位甲基以烯丙基取代,6位羟其变为酮基,这一变化导致了纳洛酮与吗啡完全相反的药理作用。①纳洛酮为阿片受体的纯拮抗剂,无激动活性;②纳洛酮与阿片受体亲和力是吗啡的16倍,小剂量肌肉或静脉注射能迅速翻转吗啡类的作用,同时 Naloxone hydrochloride is a synthetic opioid receptor antagonist, a derivative of dihydroxymorphine, and its chemical structure is similar to that of morphine, except that the N-methyl group on the morphine formula is replaced by an allyl group, and 6 Hydroxyl to keto group, this change led to naloxone and morphine exactly the opposite pharmacological effects. ① naloxone is a pure antagonist of opioid receptor, no agonistic activity; ② naloxone and opioid receptor affinity is 16 times that of morphine, low-dose intramuscular or intravenous injection of morphine can quickly flip role, at the same time