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上世纪八、九十年代有关现代与后现代的争论,涉及它们之间的差异,是否不同的历史时期,在艺术上的分野有何表现。现代与后现代理论界定了像大学这样的西方知识空间中的关键理论问题。杰姆逊便是有关后现代争论的一个始作俑者,他引入认知图绘这一概念对当下时刻进行理论描述。本文将讨论这一争论中的理论与图绘概念,并试图厘清后现代话语的适当使用,当代理论中后现代转向的有用性,以及对这一话语的滥用。首先,本文提出,在更广泛的议题下对现代与后现代加以区分可以凸显当下时刻中的种种新鲜事物并强化与过去的断裂,然而现代与后现代的这一区分必须明确地解释清楚。本文认为后现代话语能为当前社会、文化与理论中的主要新鲜事物与发展提供理论图绘和社会叙述,并能清楚说明当代时刻与过去的承继与断裂。最后,本文还认为现代与后现代话语的多元性有助于说明当前时刻的复杂性,而我们可以运用的理论越有力,我们的理论与批评就能做得越好。
The controversy between the 1980s and 1990s about modernity and postmodernity involved the differences between them and whether or not they differed from one another in the historical period. Modern and postmodern theories define the key theoretical issues in Western knowledge spaces like universities. Jameson is an initiator of the postmodern debate. He introduced the concept of cognitive mapping to describe the present moment theoretically. This article will discuss the theoretical and pictorial concepts in this debate and attempt to clarify the appropriate use of postmodern discourse, the usefulness of the postmodern shift in contemporary theory, and the abuse of this discourse. First of all, this article proposes that distinguishing modernity from post-modernity under a broader issue can highlight all the new things in the moment and strengthen the break with the past. However, the distinction between modernity and postmodernity must be clearly explained. This paper argues that postmodern discourse can provide theoretical explanations and social narratives for the major new things and developments in current society, culture and theory, as well as clearly illustrate the succession and failure of the present time and the past. Finally, I also think that the pluralism of modern and postmodern discourse helps to illustrate the complexity of the current moment, and the more powerful the theory we can apply, the better our theory and criticism can do.