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目的了解云南省玉龙县纳西族居民尼古丁依赖现状,并分析其尼古丁依赖的社会经济差异。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法从云南省玉龙县纳西族聚居乡镇抽取1 402名≥35岁纳西族常住居民进行一对一面访问卷调查。结果玉龙县纳西族居民现在吸烟率为31.1%,其中男性为66.6%,女性为0.9%;男性吸烟率高于女性(χ~2=701.22,P<0.001)。436名现在吸烟者里,尼古丁依赖(fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence,FTND)平均得分为(5.28±2.22)分,其中男性为(5.28±2.21)分,女性为(5.57±2.70)分;开始吸烟年龄<20岁、吸非过滤嘴香烟的现在吸烟者尼古丁依赖得分较高(均有P<0.05)。有序Logistic回归分析结果显示,收入水平低的纳西族现在吸烟者有更高的尼古丁依赖可能性;住房情况好的纳西族现在吸烟者有更高的尼古丁依赖可能性。结论纳西族居民尼古丁依赖已成为严重的公共卫生问题,且存在一定的社会经济差异。应针对低收入水平与住房条件好的纳西族居民进行控烟宣传。
Objective To understand the status quo of nicotine dependence of Naxi people in Yulong County of Yunnan Province and analyze the social and economic differences of nicotine dependence. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to survey 1 402 402 resident Naxi residents from Naxi ethnic towns in Yulong County, Yunnan Province. Results The prevalence of smoking in Naxi people in Yulong County was 31.1%. Among them, 66.6% were male and 0.9% were female. Smoking prevalence rates in male were higher than those in female (χ ~ 2 = 701.22, P <0.001). Among 436 current smokers, the average score of fNDs was (5.28 ± 2.22) points (5.28 ± 2.21) in male and 5.57 ± 2.70 in female <20 years of age, current smokers who smoke non-filter cigarettes have a higher nicotine dependence score (both P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the current income level of Naxi smokers now have a higher likelihood of nicotine dependence; housing is good now Naxi smokers now have a higher likelihood of nicotine dependence. Conclusions Nicotine dependence of residents in Naxi ethnic group has become a serious public health problem with some socio-economic differences. Tobacco control publicity should be conducted for Naxi residents with low income level and good housing conditions.