论文部分内容阅读
为研究日光温室秋冬茬番茄生育时期干物质生产动态规律,探索高产高效的科学施肥模式,以标准冲施肥(含N量16%,含P_2O_5量5%,含K_2O量19%)为施肥种类,施肥量以N素为基准分为4个肥料处理水平,即F1(高肥)、F2(中肥)、F3(低肥)、F4(不追肥),分析了不同施肥量对日光温室番茄干物质累积、产量和水肥利用的影响。结果表明,番茄产量和水分利用效率(WUE)与施肥量呈“抛物线”关系,当N施量为290.6 kg/hm2(F2)时达到最高值,分别为67 776.93 kg/hm2和49.27 kg/m3,说明适量施肥可提高产量及水分利用效率。但肥料生产效率(PFP)在施肥量为(N)41.4~539.9 kg/hm2范围内呈现负指数降低趋势。植株干物质累积量表现出F2处理>F1处理>F3处理>F4处理。果实干物质累积进程符合logistic函数轨迹,中肥处理比高肥、低肥处理提前进入快速累积期,使快速累积期持续时间比其他处理长1~8 d。全株总干物质转移量对果实贡献率为1.97%~6.96%,说明果实干物质高达90%以上依靠株体自身光合作用填充。因此,番茄结果期加强水肥的供给是必要的。
In order to study the dynamic rule of dry matter production during tomato growth period in autumn and winter stubble in solar greenhouse and to explore a scientific and fertilization mode with high yield and high efficiency, using standard fertilization (16% N content, 5% P_2O_5 content and 19% K_2O content) The amount of fertilization was divided into four levels of fertilizer treatment based on N, namely F1 (high fat), F2 (medium fat), F3 (low fat) and F4 (no dressing) Material accumulation, yield and effects of water and fertilizer use. The results showed that the relationship between yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato and the amount of fertilizer was “parabolic” and reached the highest values of 67 776.93 kg / hm2 and 49.27 kg when the N application rate was 290.6 kg / hm2 (F2) / m3, indicating that the amount of fertilization can increase yield and water use efficiency. However, PFP showed a negative exponential declining trend in the range of N (N) 41.4 ~ 539.9 kg / hm2. Plant dry matter accumulation showed F2 treatment> F1 treatment> F3 treatment> F4 treatment. The process of fruit dry matter accumulation accorded with the logistic function trajectory. The medium-fat treatment entered earlier than the high-fat and low-fat treatments ahead of the rapid accumulation period, and the duration of rapid accumulation period was 1 to 8 days longer than other treatments. The total dry matter transfer rate of the whole plant contributed 1.97% ~ 6.96% to the fruit, indicating that more than 90% of the dry matter of the fruit relies on the photosynthesis of the plant itself to fill. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the supply of water and fertilizer in tomato fruit period.