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[目的]探讨植物远缘杂交不育的原因,以期为后期作物远缘杂交育种提供理论依据。[方法]利用常规的压片方法对加拿大披碱草×老芒麦杂种F1加倍一代株系Ⅱ花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中的染色体行为进行研究。[结果]结果发现加拿大披碱草×老芒麦杂种F1加倍一代株系Ⅱ花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中出现了一些异常分裂现象,即发现在加拿大披碱草×老芒麦杂种F1加倍一代株系Ⅱ花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中一些染色体行为不规则的现象,出现如:单价体、四价体、多价体、染色体桥及染色体断片、落后染色体、微核等一系列异常现象。[结论]加拿大披碱草×老芒麦杂种F1加倍一代株系Ⅱ花粉母细胞减数分裂过程高频率异常现象的发生直接导致其大部分花粉发育异常,表现出远缘杂种的不育。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the reason of plant distant hybridization in order to provide theoretical basis for distant hybridization breeding of late crop. [Method] Chromosomal behavior of pollen mother cells during meiosis of Canada Ⅱ Erythroculter xerophilus F1 hybrids F1 was studied by conventional tabletting method. [Result] The results showed that there were some anomalies during the meiosis of pollen mother cells Ⅱ in Eryngostrobo × Eupatorium mongolicum F1 hybrids. In the process of meiosis of strain Ⅱ pollen mother cells, some chromosomes behave irregularly. There are a series of abnormal phenomena such as monovalent body, tetravalent body, multivalent body, chromosome bridge and chromosome fragment, backward chromosome and micronucleus. [Conclusion] The high frequency anomalies of meiosis process of pollen mother cells of Canadian Elymus × Emerson hybrid F1 resulted in most pollen abnormalities and distant sterility.