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由于地下工程日益增多,诸如矿山开发、地下铁道、地下洞库及隧道等等,导致对开挖引起的岩体及地表移动问题研究的日益重视。以概率论为基础,本文导出了单元开挖引起的岩体移动的基本方程式。据此,讨论了许多具有实际意义的问题;露天开挖引起的地表移动、浅部开挖地表移动、地下开采造成的地表移动及岩体内部移动等。文中导出了大量的计算岩体及地表移动的理论分式,给出了许多矿山的现埸观测结果,并把两者作了对比,结果十分令人满意。
Due to the increasing number of underground projects, such as mine development, underground railways, underground caverns and tunnels, etc., more and more attention has been paid to the research on rock mass and surface movement caused by excavation. Based on probability theory, this paper deduces the basic equations of rock mass movement caused by excavation. Accordingly, many practical problems are discussed; surface movement caused by open excavation, surface movement of shallow excavation, surface movement caused by underground mining and internal movement of rock mass. In this paper, a large number of theoretical fractions for calculating rock mass and surface movement are derived, and the present observation results of many mines are given. The two are compared and the result is very satisfactory.