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基于最小生态径流、适宜生态径流(阈值)和最大生态径流,提出了河流生态径流评价的流量区间组成法,依据各生态径流过程将实测径流划分为不同区间,分析评价了蒙江流域八茂站不同时期河流各月生态需水满足程度。实例应用结果表明,河流适宜生态径流计算时,蒙江流域丰、平、枯水期保证率取45%、50%、70%更为合适;水利工程的大量修建使蒙江流域河流径流处于适宜生态径流阈值范围内比例明显减小,且河流的生态需水保证率大幅降低。未来可根据来水情况和流量区组成法确定的流量区间调控河流径流过程,从而维持河流生态系统的健康与稳定。
Based on the minimum ecological runoff, the suitable ecological runoff (threshold) and the maximum ecological runoff, a flow interval method for evaluating the ecological runoff of the river was proposed. According to the different ecological runoff processes, the measured runoff was divided into different intervals, Different periods of river water ecological water satisfaction. The results of practical application show that it is more suitable to ensure 45%, 50% and 70% of the safe, stable and dry periods of the rivers in the Mengjiang River Basin when the river is suitable for ecological runoff calculation. The massive construction of the water conservancy project makes the runoff in the Mengjiang River valley suitable for ecological runoff The proportion within the threshold range is obviously reduced, and the ecological water requirement guarantee rate of rivers is greatly reduced. In the future, the river runoff can be regulated according to the flow rate interval determined by the water inflow and the composition of the flow area so as to maintain the health and stability of the river ecosystem.