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冲击特性是泥石流减灾及沟谷地貌演化的重要基础理论问题。建立泥石流冲击试验模型并进行了5组液相浆体黏度(0,0.13,0.37,0.72,0.93 Pa·s)、5组固相比(0,0.02,0.04,0.08,0.16),5组固相颗粒粒径(0,0.075~0.2,0.3~0.5,0.8~1.0,1.3~1.5 cm)组合下的泥石流冲击特性模型试验,将试验工况分为清水流、水石流与泥石流,采用小波理论对冲击荷载进行消噪并进行冲击荷载时程曲线及冲击荷载均值分析。分析结果表明:清水流冲击荷载均值为2.84 kPa;水石流冲击荷载均值与固相比及颗粒粒径大小呈正比,且固相比越大,水石流龙头冲击作用越小,颗粒粒径越大,冲击荷载变化幅度越大;泥石流时,随着浆体黏度、固相比及颗粒粒径增大,泥石流冲击力呈非线性增大,浆体黏度对泥石流冲击力影响明显,随着黏度的增大,不同颗粒粒径组合下泥石流冲击力均值分别为4.41,5.09,5.89,6.46,6.70 kPa。
Impact characteristics is an important theoretical issue of landslide hazard reduction and valley landform evolution. The debris flow impact test model was established and the viscosity of the liquid slurry in 5 groups (0,0.13,0.37,0.72,0.93 Pa · s), 5 groups solid ratio (0,0.02,0.04,0.08,0.16), 5 groups The model tests of debris flow impact characteristics under the combination of phase particle size (0,0.075 ~ 0.2,0.3 ~ 0.5,0.8 ~ 1.0,1.3 ~ 1.5 cm) were divided into clear water flow, water stone flow and debris flow. The wavelet theory Noise elimination of impact load and impact load time history curve and impact load average analysis. The results show that the mean value of fresh water flow impulse load is 2.84 kPa. The impact load average of water stone flow is proportional to the solid phase ratio and particle size, and the greater the solid phase ratio, the smaller the impact of faucet impact, the larger the particle size , The greater the change of impact load. When the mud flow, with the increase of viscosity, solid phase ratio and particle size, the impact force of debris flow increases nonlinearly, and the viscosity of slurry has a significant impact on the impact force of debris flow. With the increase of viscosity The mean value of impact force of debris flow under different particle size combinations are 4.41, 5.09, 5.89, 6.46 and 6.70 kPa, respectively.