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目的了解广东省韶关市禽流感病毒在禽业环境中的分布、感染来源、职业暴露人群的感染状况,为该地区禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法按分层整群抽样的方法,共采集不同区域的禽业环境样本175份、职业暴露人群血清样本215份和非接触禽类的对照人群50份。根据《全国职业暴露人群血清学和环境高致病性禽流感监测方案》的要求,采用马红细胞凝集抑制试验(HI)检测职业暴露人群血清禽流感H5、H7、H9血凝素抗体,采用实时荧光定量PCR对禽业环境标本进行FluA型和H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感病毒核酸检测。结果 175份不同区域的禽业环境样本中,仅见市区的三鸟市场检出23份H9亚型阳性,检出率为30.67%(23/75),近郊及边界地区的禽养殖环境均未检出各型禽流感病毒。215份各类人群血清,仅见边界地区的职业暴露人群检出禽流感病毒H5血凝素抗体,检出率为4.19%(9/215),非职业暴露人群及近郊和市区的职业暴露人群均未检出H5、H7、H9血凝素抗体。结论韶关市活禽批发市场和边界地区禽类养殖场成为禽流感的高风险场所,禽业养殖职业暴露人群易发生禽流感病毒感染或隐性感染,应加强禽类养殖、销售人群的禽流感病毒感染监测。
Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in Shaoguan City of Guangdong Province in the environment of poultry industry, the source of infection and the status of occupational exposure in humans, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza in this area. Methods According to stratified cluster sampling method, 175 samples of poultry industry in different regions, 215 serum samples from occupational exposure groups and 50 control groups from non-contact birds were collected. According to the requirements of National Surveillance Program on Serological and Environmental HPAI of Occupationally Exposed Persons, the H5, H7 and H9 hemagglutinin antibodies of serum avian influenza in occupational exposure groups were detected by the hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) Fluorescent Quantitative PCR for FluA and H5, H7, H9 subtype avian influenza virus nucleic acid detection of poultry industry environmental samples. Results Of the 175 samples of poultry industry in different regions, only 23 H9 subtypes were detected in the three markets of the urban area, with a detection rate of 30.67% (23/75). None of the poultry farming environments in the suburbs and the border areas Detection of various types of bird flu virus. 215 serotypes of all kinds of human sera were detected, and only H5 hemagglutinin antibodies were detected in the occupationally exposed population in the border areas, the detection rate was 4.19% (9/215), occupationally exposed and suburban and urban occupational exposure groups None of the H5, H7, H9 hemagglutinin antibodies were detected. Conclusion The live poultry wholesale market in Shaoguan City and the poultry farms in the border areas have become the high-risk sites of bird flu. The occupationally exposed population in poultry farming is susceptible to avian influenza virus infection or latent infection. Bird flu virus infection in poultry breeding and sales crowd should be strengthened monitor.