“遗诏”是封建皇帝死前留给后世的遗言,又称为“遗命”、“遗制”。我国历史上现存最早的帝王遗言是《尚书·顾命》,这是周成王临死时要大臣召公、毕公在他死后辅佐他的儿子周康王的,正因为此,后世又有把遗诏称为顾命的,同时也称接受遗诏辅佐幼主的大臣为“顾命大臣”。我国封建社会的历代帝王只要不是政变被废黜被杀害或其他意外事故猝然而亡的都有遗诏。遗诏的内容因人因时而异,有对自己一生功业的回顾,对后世的希望和继承人的安排、对丧死的处置,也有对自己生前某些言行忏悔并要求继任者代为改正的,这大概如曾子所言:“鸟之将死,其鸣也哀,人之将死,其言也善”。遗诏的文字有多有少,据史书及档案记载,有的只有寥寥数语,有的则长达数百上千言。秦始皇是死在出巡途中的,据记载他只留下了几 “Emperors” is the last words of the feudal emperors left for future generations, also known as “life”, “legacy.” The earliest extant emperors in history in China are the last words of “Shang Gu Gu Gui”, which is Zhou Zong Wang’s death when minister to the public, Bi Gong after his death adjuvant to his son Zhou Kang Wang, because of this, later there are The left Zhao called Gu Ming, also known as accepting the edict adjuvant Minister of Minister “Gu Ming minister.” All the ancient emperors of feudal society in our country had left an edict if they were not killed by a coup d’état or suddenly died of other accidents. The contents of the edict vary from person to person, have a look back on their own career, the future generations of hope and successor arrangements, the treatment of death, but also some of his words and deeds of his life repentance and asked his successor on behalf of the correction, which probably As Zeng Zi said: “The bird will die, the mourning, people will die, the words are good.” There are more and fewer texts on the inscriptions. According to historical records and archives, some are only a few words, while others are up to hundreds of thousands. Qin Shi Huang is dead in the trip on the trip, according to records he only left a few