“文献计量学”这一术语,1969年由英国学者 A·普里查德首次在科学文献中加以使用,是用来表示用统计方法研究文献的书目特征的新兴的学科。十年以后,他同 G·威廷一起分析了1874-1959年进行的研究,编制了一个包括600多篇文献资料名称在内的书目索引,证实了文献计量学包括诸如引文分析(书目引文的统计分析方法)、文献杂志分析、一次文献的定量分析、某一作者所发表的出版物的定量分析及它们的引文、世界某一地区和国家以及某一学术团体的学者所发表的出版物的定量分析,理论性问题(包括科学文献的发展、老化和序列分析的规律的研究;科学文献的目次分析,以及与科学文献传播有关的问 The term “bibliometrics”, first used by the British scholar A. Pritchard in the scientific literature in 1969, is a new discipline used to represent the bibliographical features of a literature by statistical means. Ten years later, together with G Wittin, he analyzed the research conducted between 1874 and 1959 and compiled a bibliographic index of more than 600 literature titles, confirming that bibliometrics includes, for example, citation analysis (bibliographic citation Statistical analysis), literature and magazine analysis, quantitative analysis of a literature, quantitative analysis of publications published by one author and their citations, publications published by academics in one region, country and one academic community in the world Quantitative analysis, theoretical issues (including the development of scientific literature, the study of the laws of aging and sequence analysis; the analysis of the scientific literature, and the questions related to the dissemination of scientific literature