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1995年10月,在福建泉州新发现的明代万历丁丑年(1577年)抄本《天文节候躔次全图》被捐赠至中国科学院自然科学史研究所。经初步研究,发现这是一套记录二十四节气时经过正南北方向子午圈的天体的中星图,是研究中国天文学史上的中星图、著的重要的文献材料。现将有关情况披露于下,以期引起学术界的关注。本文第一部分简述了历史上的中星图和著述;第二部分讨论了该图的内容和特点;第三部分将待解决的问题列出,以求教于文献学专家。一、历史上的中星观测及著述天体在周日视运动中经过观测者的天顶和正南北方向的大圈
In October 1995, the newly discovered Ming Dynasty Wanli Dingxuian (1577) transcript “Astronomical Observatory” in Quanzhou, Fujian Province was donated to the Institute of Natural History of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. After a preliminary study, it was found that this is a set of star-map images of celestial bodies passing through the meridional north-south direction during the 24 solar terms. It is an important documentary material for studying the star map of the history of astronomy in China. Disclosure of the situation is now under way with a view to arousing academic concern. The first part of this article outlines the history of the star map and writings; the second part discusses the content and features of the figure; the third part lists the issues to be solved in order to learn from the literature experts. First, the history of the celestial observation and description of celestial bodies in the Sunday vision movement through the observer’s zenith and is a large north-south circle