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目的探讨铅负荷对小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤及免疫毒性的影响。方法采用亚慢性铅染毒4周、10周的雄性小鼠80只,应用单细胞凝胶电泳技术(SCGE)、噻唑蓝(MTT)颜色反应及原子吸收石墨炉法检测胸腺、脾淋巴细胞DNA损伤,细胞增殖及胸腺、脾中铅含量。结果1.5、3.0、6.0g/L醋酸铅染毒4周均可导致小鼠胸腺、脾淋巴细胞DNA不同程度损伤,DNA迁移长度[胸腺(26.12±1.71)、(30.49±1.70)、(32.61±1.08)μm,脾(28.32±1.52)、(32.45±1.24)、(48.12±1.61)μm]均高于对照组[分别为(14.50±1.07)、(19.86±1.84)μm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组浓度染毒10周的小鼠胸腺、脾淋巴细胞增殖转化功能增强,高剂量组胸腺脏器系数[(1.72±0.21)mg/g]及中、高剂量组脾脏器系数[分别为(6.66±0.06)、(7.18±0.10)mg/g]与对照组[分别为(1.21±0.17)、(3.82±0.05)mg/g]的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组胸腺、脾中铅含量随染毒剂量的增加而增加,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论铅可致免疫细胞DNA单链断裂,淋巴细胞增殖。
Objective To investigate the effect of lead load on the DNA damage and immunotoxicity of mouse lymphocytes. Methods Eighty male mice aged 4 weeks and 10 weeks after subchronic lead exposure were used to detect thymus and spleen lymphocyte DNA by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), colorimetric MTT and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry Injury, cell proliferation and thymus, spleen lead content. Results DNA damage of thymus and splenic lymphocytes of mice was induced by exposure to 1.5, 3.0, 6.0 g / L lead acetate for 4 weeks. The length of DNA migration [thymus (26.12 ± 1.71), (30.49 ± 1.70), (32.61 ± 1.08 ) were significantly higher than those in the control group [(14.50 ± 1.07) and (19.86 ± 1.84) μm], respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The proliferation and transformation of splenic lymphocytes were enhanced in thymus and thymus of mice in the three groups for 10 weeks ([1.72 ± 0.21] mg / g] and [ 6.66 ± 0.06), (7.18 ± 0.10) mg / g] and the control group [(1.21 ± 0.17) and (3.82 ± 0.05) mg / g, respectively]. The content of lead in the thymus and spleen of three groups increased with the increase of the dose, which was significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Lead can cause DNA single strand breaks in immune cells and lymphocyte proliferation.