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目的分析学龄前正常视力儿童的屈光状态。方法采用手持自动验光仪对1698例视力正常的学龄前儿童屈光状态进行检查,包括球镜和柱镜的检查,进行统计分析。结果球镜度平均值3岁为+1.59±0.52D,4岁为+1.51±0.47D,5岁为+1.57±0.52D,6岁为+1.58±0.53D,各年龄段无统计学差异(P>0.05);柱镜度平均值3岁为-0.60±0.47D,4岁为-0.57±0.43D,5岁为-0.62±0.52D,6岁为-0.57±0.46D,各年龄段无统计学差异(P>0.05);等效球镜度值3岁为+1.29±0.49D,4岁为+1.22±0.43D,5岁为+1.26±0.47D,6岁为+1.29±0.48D,各年龄段无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论正常视力学龄前儿童屈光状态稳定,视力和简便的屈光度检查可以同时作为弱视筛查和视觉发育跟踪的手段。
Objective To analyze the refractive status of preschool children with normal visual acuity. Methods A total of 1698 preschool children with visual acuity were examined by hand-held autorefractometer, including spherical and lenticular examination, and statistical analysis. Results The mean value of spherical scope was + 1.59 ± 0.52D at 3 years old, + 1.51 ± 0.47D at 4 years old, + 1.57 ± 0.52D at 5 years old and + 1.58 ± 0.53D at 6 years old, with no significant difference in all age groups P> 0.05). The mean of the degree of lexical examination was -0.60 ± 0.47D at 3 years old, -0.57 ± 0.43D at 4 years old, -0.62 ± 0.52D at 5 years old, -0.57 ± 0.46D at 6 years old, (P> 0.05). The equivalent spherical scope was + 1.29 ± 0.49D at 3 years old, + 1.22 ± 0.43D at 4 years old, + 1.26 ± 0.47D at 5 years old and + 1.29 ± 0.48D at 6 years old , No significant difference in all age groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion Normal vision preschool children with stable refractive status and visual acuity and simple diopter examination can be used as both amblyopia screening and visual development tracking.