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为探讨重症肺炎时肺表面活性物质（ＳＡＭ）的变化及外源性肺表面活性剂替代治疗对肺功能的影响，采用随机对照实验方法，对重症仙台病毒肺炎大鼠肺灌洗液内总磷脂和卵磷脂含量及ＳＡＭ替代治疗对动脉血氧分压的影响进行了观察。结果：肺炎大鼠肺灌洗液中总磷脂和卵磷脂含量与正常大鼠比较差异无显著意义。治疗组大鼠气管内注入ＳＡＭ后３０分钟，氧分压与治疗前比较明显上升，４５和６０分钟时ＰＯ２仍保持在较高水平，与盐水对照组和未治疗组比较差异均有显著意义。提示：重症病毒性肺炎时肺表面活性物质无明显数量变化，肺表面活性剂替代治疗能有效地改善肺氧合功能。
To investigate the changes of pulmonary surfactant (SAM) in patients with severe pneumonia and the effects of exogenous pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy on lung function, a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the changes of total phospholipids in lung lavage of severe Sendai virus pneumonia rats And lecithin content and SAM replacement therapy on arterial partial pressure of oxygen were observed. Results: The contents of total phospholipid and lecithin in lung lavage fluid of pneumonia rats were not significantly different from those in normal rats. 30 minutes after tracheal injection of SAM, the partial pressure of oxygen in the treatment group significantly increased compared with that before treatment, while PO2 remained high at 45 and 60 minutes, which was significantly different from saline control group and untreated group. Tip: There is no significant change in pulmonary surfactant in patients with severe viral pneumonia. Pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy can effectively improve pulmonary oxygenation.