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目的 观察单次吸入一定剂量利多卡因对哮喘患者第一秒用力呼气量 (FEV1)和峰值呼气流速 (PEF)的影响。方法 2 0例非急性发作期哮喘患者保持目前治疗方案 ,分两次随机、双盲雾化吸入生理盐水 (NS) 5ml和 2 %利多卡因 5ml,测定吸入前 (基础值 )和吸入后 5、10、2 0、30、45、6 0分钟时的FEV1和PEF。结果 雾化吸入NS和利多卡因后 10分钟内平均FEV1和PEF均较基础值轻度下降 ,平均改变率 (%基础值 )在不同处理因素间均无显著性差异。吸入利多卡因后 45～ 6 0分钟FEV1和PEF有较大幅度升高 ,最高改变率为 6 2 %± 6 2 %和 5 8%± 3 8% ,而吸入NS后仅略有升高。不同处理因素下 2 0～ 6 0分钟各时间点FEV1和PEF平均改变率均有显著性差异 (P均<0 0 5 )。结论 哮喘患者在原有治疗基础上雾化吸入利多卡因 5ml(10 0mg)后短时间内FEV1和PEF可能出现下降 ,但雾化吸入后 2 0～ 6 0分钟FEV1和PEF均比对照组有较明显升高。
Objective To observe the effect of a single inhaled dose of lidocaine on first-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in asthmatic patients. Methods Twenty patients with non-acute exacerbation of asthma were treated with the current treatment. Two randomized, double-blind inhalation inhalations of 5 ml normal saline (NS) and 5 ml 2% lidocaine were performed before inhalation (baseline) and 5 , FEV1 and PEF at 10, 20, 30, 45, 60 min. Results The average FEV1 and PEF were slightly lower than the baseline values within 10 minutes after nebulization of NS and lidocaine. The average change rate (% basal value) showed no significant difference among different treatment factors. FEV1 and PEF increased significantly from 45 to 60 minutes after inhaled lidocaine, with the highest rates of change being 62% ± 62% and 58% ± 38%, respectively, and only slightly increased after inhaled NS. The mean change rates of FEV1 and PEF at different time points from 20 to 60 minutes were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusions FEV1 and PEF may be decreased in a short time after inhalation of lidocaine 5ml (100mg) on the basis of the original treatment in asthma patients, but FEV1 and PEF in 20-60 minutes after inhalation are lower than those in the control group Significantly increased.