一、氨基甙类抗生素的广泛应用及临床毒性反应由于氨基甙类抗生素临床的广泛应用,毒性反应率上升,引起毒性反应因素很多,主要是一些医药工作者对氨基甙类抗生素的药理学及毒性学性质缺乏深入了解,造成了不应有的毒性反应。仅北京耳鼻喉科研究所统计,1963—1964年听力门诊接受2851例神经性耳聋病人,因耳毒性抗生素致聋者占15%,1974—1975年上升至19.8%,1980—1983年接受全国各地10岁以下聋儿就诊,药物致聋占59%,仅一个医疗单位的一种毒性反应结果可见一斑。相反的情况,在医药发达的美国,1978—1983年,每年抗生素用量以美元计,从1978的9617万元增加到1983年的14468.3万元,增长50%,而氨基甙类抗生素从1978年的395.1万元到1983年仍保持382.4万元,所占总抗生素比例从4.1%降到2.64%,下降了35%,说明它们可能较早的认识到了这一问题。二、氨基甙类抗生素质量标准的安全等检查是否能有效控制临床毒性反应的浅见。我国现行的及历版药典,以及美国、英 First, the wide application of aminoglycoside antibiotics and clinical toxicity Because of the wide range of clinical application of aminoglycoside antibiotics, the rate of toxicity increased, causing many toxic reactions, mainly some of the pharmaceutical workers on the aminoglycoside pharmacology and toxicity Lack of understanding of the nature of learning, resulting in an unwanted toxic reaction. Only Beijing Institute of ENT statistics, 1963-1964 hearing clinics to accept 2851 cases of neurological deaf patients, due to ototoxic antibiotic deaf who accounted for 15%, 1974-1975 rose to 19.8%, 1980-1983 accepted throughout the country Deaf children under 10 years of age, drug-induced deafness accounted for 59%, only one medical unit of a toxic reaction results can be seen. On the contrary, in the developed United States, the annual amount of antibiotics used in U.S. dollars in 1978-1983 increased from 96.71 million yuan in 1978 to 144.683 million yuan in 1983, up 50%, while that of aminoglycoside antibiotics increased from 1978 From 3.91 million yuan to 3.82 million yuan in 1983, the proportion of total antibiotics dropped from 4.1% to 2.64%, a decrease of 35%, indicating that they may have earlier recognized this issue. Second, the quality of aminoglycoside antibiotics and other safety checks can effectively control the clinical manifestations of toxicity. China’s current and calendar version Pharmacopoeia, as well as the United States, Britain