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目的探讨慢性氟中毒C57BL小鼠伴有糖尿病时红细胞的形态学变化。方法 C57BL小鼠40只,分为对照组(Ⅰ组)、高氟组(Ⅱ组)、高脂组(Ⅲ组)和高脂高氟组(Ⅳ组),Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组饮用蒸馏水;Ⅱ组与Ⅳ组给予氟化钠水溶液(100mg/L),3个月后,Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组饮食不变,继续喂养4w;Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组改用高脂肪饲料,继续喂养4w后,腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)。4组再继续喂养4w,分别在给药前和给药后72h、2w、3w测定血糖。处理动物后检测小鼠血常规及电镜观察红细胞的形态学变化,计算红细胞变形率并进行统计学分析。结果实验结束时,氟中毒伴糖尿病C57小鼠BL(Ⅳ组)血糖(20.35±3.40)mg/L与Ⅰ组小鼠(5.76±1.04)mg/L相比显著升高(P<0.05);白细胞计数(1.06×109/L)低于正常值[(4～10)×109/L];红细胞计数(8.43×109/L)高于正常值;红细胞平均体积(52.3/FL)低于正常值(80～100/FL)。电镜下可见,Ⅳ组小鼠溶血细胞数量增多,棘突状细胞数量增加;细胞变形率(20.6%)与Ⅰ组(3.7%)和Ⅲ组(3.3%)相比明显升高,与Ⅱ组(22.5%)相比较低。结论机体长期处于高氟环境时,血糖显著升高,红细胞形态学损伤较为明显,若伴有糖尿病,血糖升高更为明显,细胞变形率略有下降,但是仍高于正常。
Objective To investigate the morphological changes of erythrocytes in chronic fluorosis C57BL mice with diabetes mellitus. Methods Forty C57BL mice were randomly divided into control group (group Ⅰ), high fluoride group (group Ⅱ), high fat group (group Ⅲ) and high fat group (group Ⅳ). Group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ received distilled water. Group Ⅱ and Ⅳ were given sodium fluoride aqueous solution (100mg / L). After three months, the diet of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ remained unchanged for 4 weeks. Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were switched to high fat diet for 4 weeks, Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). 4 groups and then continue to feed 4w, respectively, before administration and 72h after administration, 2w, 3w determination of blood glucose. After the animals were treated, the blood samples of the mice were examined by electron microscope and the morphological changes of erythrocytes were observed. The rate of erythrocyte deformation was calculated and analyzed statistically. Results At the end of the experiment, blood glucose (20.35 ± 3.40) mg / L in C57 mice with fluorosis and diabetes mellitus was significantly higher than that in mice with Ⅰ (5.76 ± 1.04) mg / L (P <0.05). The white blood cell count (1.06 × 109 / L) was lower than the normal value (4 ~ 10 × 109 / L), the erythrocyte count (8.43 × 109 / L) was higher than the normal value, the mean erythrocyte volume (52.3 / Value (80 ~ 100 / FL). Electron microscopy showed that the number of hemolytic cells increased and the number of spinous cells increased in group Ⅳ; the cell deformation rate (20.6%) was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (3.7%) and group Ⅲ (3.3%), (22.5%) compared to low. Conclusion When the body is exposed to high fluoride for a long time, the blood glucose is significantly increased. The morphological damage of erythrocytes is more obvious. If accompanied by diabetes, the hyperglycemia is more obvious and the rate of cell deformation is slightly decreased, but still higher than normal.