目的:探讨环氧化酶-2(COX-2)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和E-钙黏附蛋白(E-cad)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及与临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:应用免疫组化S-P法检测30例乳腺单纯性增生、30例乳腺导管内癌、70例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中COX-2、VEGF和E-cad的表达情况。结果:COX-2在乳腺单纯性增生、乳腺导管内癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达率分别为10.0%、46.6%、72.8%,乳腺单纯性增生与乳腺导管内癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);乳腺导管内癌与乳腺浸润性导管癌差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。VEGF在乳腺单纯性增生、乳腺导管内癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达率分别为3.3%、50.0%、65.7%,乳腺单纯性增生与乳腺导管内癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);乳腺导管内癌与乳腺浸润性导管癌差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。E-cad在乳腺单纯性增生、乳腺导管内癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达率分别为93.3%、43.30%、32.8%,乳腺单纯性增生与乳腺导管内癌、乳腺浸润性导管癌差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);乳腺导管内癌与乳腺浸润性导管癌差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。COX-2在乳腺浸润性导管癌的阳性表达与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),与年龄、肿瘤大小、组织学分级无关(P>0.05)。VEGF、E-cad在乳腺浸润性导管癌的阳性表达与组织学分级、淋巴结转移密切相关,与年龄、肿瘤大小无关。COX-2、VEGF在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达呈正相关(R=0.44,P<0.01),COX-2在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达与E-cad的表达呈负相关(R=-0.26,P<0.05)。结论:COX-2、VEGF的高表达及E-cad的低表达在乳腺癌的发生发展过程中起重要的作用,检测其表达异常对判断临床进展、推测预后以及制定针对性的治疗方案有一定的参考价值。 Objective: To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and E-cadherin (E-cad) in breast cancer and their relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods: The expressions of COX-2, VEGF and E-cadherin in 30 cases of breast hyperplasia, 30 cases of intraductal carcinoma and 70 cases of infiltrating ductal breast cancer were detected by immunohistochemical S-P method. Results: The expression rates of COX-2 in breast hyperplasia, intraductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma were 10.0%, 46.6%, 72.8% respectively. The expression of COX-2 in breast hyperplasia and intraductal carcinoma, (P <0.01). There was significant difference between intraductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma (P <0.05). The expression rates of VEGF in breast hyperplasia, intraductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma were 3.3%, 50.0% and 65.7%, respectively. Compared with breast ductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between intraductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma (P> 0.05). The positive rates of E-cad in breast hyperplasia, intraductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma were 93.3%, 43.30% and 32.8%, respectively. The single hyperplasia and intraductal carcinoma, (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between intraductal carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma (P> 0.05). The positive expression of COX-2 in invasive ductal carcinomas was correlated with lymph node metastasis (P <0.05), but not with the age, tumor size and histological grade (P> 0.05). The positive expression of VEGF and E-cad in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast was closely related to histological grade and lymph node metastasis, but not to age and tumor size. There was a positive correlation between the expression of COX-2 and VEGF in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast (R = 0.44, P <0.01). The expression of COX-2 in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast was negatively correlated with the expression of E-cadherin -0.26, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The high expression of COX-2 and VEGF and the low expression of E-cad in breast cancer play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. To detect the abnormal expression of COX-2, VEGF may play an important role in judging clinical progress, speculating prognosis and developing targeted therapy The reference value.