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钢筋混凝土预防裂缝的计算,是水工设计中一项经常而又重要的工作。根据现行规范所采用的理论和公式,计算甚为烦琐,假若能制出有关表格,不独可减少计算工作量,且方便于对混凝土和钢筋截面的合理选择。到目前为止,有关预防裂缝的计算表格,在К·В·萨赫洛夫斯基的“钢筋混凝土结构学”以及А·Е·傑姆金的“钢筋混凝土结构构件断面计算规程”书上可找到。然而以上书中所列表格均系根据工业与民用建筑有关规范①所制定的,且只限于单筋受弯构件的计算,同时根据我们以往实际设计计算比较,按水工建筑物规范“ГОСТ4286—48”所规定的理论和公式计算所需钢筋用量较之前者表中所列数值要少10～40％②,这对需要大量混凝土和钢筋的水工建筑物来说,是不容许加以忽视的。否则将造成大量的材料浪费。
Reinforced concrete to prevent cracks in the calculation, hydraulic design is a regular and important work. According to the theories and formulas adopted in the existing codes, the calculation is very cumbersome. If the related forms can be made, not only can the calculation workload be reduced, but also the reasonable choice of cross-sections of concrete and steel bars can be facilitated. So far, the calculation form for the prevention of cracks can be found in the book “Reinforced-Concrete Structures” by Mikhail Sahlovskyi and “Calculation of Sectional Structures for Reinforced Concrete Structures” by A. E. Cemgin turn up. However, all the tables listed in the above book are based on the relevant specifications of industrial and civil buildings ①, and are limited to the calculation of single flexural members. In addition, according to our previous actual design calculations and comparison, according to the hydraulic construction code “ГОСТ4286- 48 ”required by the theory and formula to calculate the required amount of steel used in the previous table than the value of 10 to 40% less than ②, which requires a lot of concrete and steel hydraulic structures, it is not allowed to be ignored . Otherwise it will cause a lot of material waste.