早期直肠癌,一般是指肿瘤局限于粘膜层和粘膜下层,大小不超过2cm,且不伴有淋巴结转移。因缺乏特异的临床症状,加之医患对该病认识不够,其初次诊断率、还不足10%。早期直肠癌患者根治性手术后五年生存率为10～90%,而晚期仅为20～30%,这相差50～60%足以说明其早期诊断的重要。从我院近四年收住的25例肛管直肠癌看,80%以上都 Early rectal cancer generally means that the tumor is confined to the mucosa and submucosa and its size does not exceed 2 cm, and it is not associated with lymph node metastasis. Due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms, coupled with the lack of knowledge of the doctors and patients, the initial diagnosis rate is less than 10%. The 5-year survival rate of patients with early rectal cancer after radical surgery is 10-90%, while the late-stage survival is only 20-30%. This difference of 50-60% is enough to explain the importance of early diagnosis. From the 25 cases of anorectal cancer admitted in our hospital for the past four years, more than 80% are