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钢琴运指法,也即通常所说的指法运用,是建立良好钢琴技巧的重要基础,无论是再好的作品,其节奏的准确性、旋律的歌唱性、声部的和谐以及力度的安排、速度的变化、音色的多样性等,都依赖选择适宜的指法才能得以实现。钢琴演奏指法的多样性运用,影响并决定着作品演奏的艺术效果和审美感受。从19世纪中期开始,现代钢琴型制日益完善,演奏指法体系也随之成熟定型,可以看出这个时期的演奏家们流行更为华丽的演奏技巧与风格,而这种键盘乐器五指演奏指法多样性的技巧正体现在波兰钢琴家弗雷得利克·肖邦(Frederic Chopin,1810-1849)的作品中,所以说肖邦是键盘乐器五指演奏指法应用多样性的革新者。肖邦作为穿跨指应用多样性的革新者,他开创性地解放了五指,将拇指和五指运用于弹奏钢琴黑键,大胆使用拇指穿五指、滑指、无声换指(垫指)及一指按双键的独特的、极富个性的钢琴演奏指法,同时常用3、4、5指代替1、2、3指演奏半音阶,很好地解决了多声部弹奏和一只手弹奏两个声部对位,使肖邦的钢琴音乐作品演奏具备别样的轻盈和光彩,肖邦在指法运用上的革新是钢琴演奏指法艺术的无价瑰宝。
Piano fingering, also known as the use of fingering, is an important foundation for establishing good piano skills. No matter how good the work is, the rhythm accuracy, melodic singing, part harmony, Changes, timbre diversity, etc., are dependent on the choice of appropriate fingering can be achieved. The diversity of the fingering of piano playing influences and determines the artistic effect and aesthetic feeling of the performance of the piece. Since the middle of the 19th century, the modern piano system has been perfected and the fingering system has also become mature. It can be seen that the performers of this period are more gorgeous with their playing skills and styles, Sexual skills are embodied in the work of the Polish pianist Frederic Chopin (1810-1849), so Chopin is an innovator in the diversity of fingernails for fingering five fingers. Chopin, as an innovator in wearing cross-refers to the diversity of applications, pioneered the liberation of five fingers, the thumb and five fingers used to play the piano black keys, the bold use of thumb to wear five fingers, slippery fingers, silent fingers Refers to the double key of the unique, very personal piano fingering, while commonly used 3, 4, 5 fingers instead of 1, 2, 3 fingers play chromatic scale, a good solution to the polyphonic playing and a hand Play two parts of the contraposition, so that Chopin’s piano music performance with a different kind of light and luster, Chopin in the use of fingering innovation is a valuable treasure of fingering art.