一、优势——在经济学上的界定 优势,在经济学上是一个相对的、动态的概念:一指特定经济系统在给定时空域内,所拥有经济资源的相对丰裕及被开发潜力;二指通过制度安排,实现经济资源组合的最佳收益,在此意义上,本文把制度定义为一种经济资源;三指优势可分性,因为时空域是可分的,定义在时空子域内的优势便是局部优势,局部优势的迭加构成总体优势。 目前之所以存在关于特区优势之争,来源于对优势概念理解含混不清,而囿于对优势的静态认识。持特区优势丧失论者,基于这样的观点:第一,国家关于特区的优惠政策,现已不为特区所专有,而是普惠全国;第二,目前深圳特区的生产要素价格相对于我国其他地区已有很大的升涨,增加了投资成本;第三,我国现已形成新的经济发展飞地,如上海浦东,使经济资源的配置和流向发生变化,将不利于深圳特区。这确实是事实,如果优势仅限于此,深圳优势将永远失落了,深圳特区也将失去存在的意义。但恰恰相反,优势的内蕴比此丰富得 First, the advantage - in the economic definition of advantage, in economics is a relative, dynamic concept: a specific economic system in a given space-time, the relative abundance of economic resources and potential to be developed; In this sense, this paper defines the system as an economic resource; the three-finger superiority is separable because the space-time domain is separable and defined in the space-time sub-domain Advantage is the local advantages, the superposition of local advantages constitute the overall advantage. The reason for the current dispute over the advantages of the SAR lies in the ambiguous understanding of the concept of superiority and the static understanding of the superiority. First, the preferential policies of the state concerning the SEZ are no longer proprietary to the SEZ, but the whole nation. Second, at present, the prices of the factors of production in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone are relatively lower than those in China Thirdly, a new economic development enclave has now formed in our country, such as Shanghai Pudong, so that the configuration and flow of economic resources will change, which will be detrimental to the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. This is indeed a fact. If the advantage is only limited to this, the advantages of Shenzhen will always be lost, and the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone will lose its existence. On the contrary, the connotation of advantages is more abundant than that