论文部分内容阅读
一、世贸组织的体制基础-市场经济世贸组织以市场经济为基础,它要求国际贸易应遵循国际经济规律形成统一的国际大市场,按公平、公正、公开的原则,进行无扭曲的竞争,克服贸易保护主义,促进贸易自由化。所谓贸易自由化,就是允许货物和生产要素的自由流动,在国际价值规律作用下,可以刺激竞争,鼓励发展,提高经营管理水平,促进世界性的分工和贸易发展,扩大市场;同时使消费者得到物美价廉的商品和服务。但考虑到世界经济和各成员的发展不平衡,使得贸易自由化呈现以下特点:(1)不是绝对的贸易自由化;(2)贸易自由化是个渐进的过程;(3)允许发展中国家成员方贸易自由化进程低于发达国家成员方;(4)鼓励计划经济向市场经济转变,世贸组织对经济转型国家采取鼓励政策;(5)世贸组织不是一个“自由贸易”机构,它只是致力于逐步贸易自由化,使
I. Institutional Basis of the WTO - Market Economy Based on the market economy, WTO requires that international trade should follow the rules of international economy to form a unified international market and carry out undistorted competition in accordance with the principles of fairness, fairness and transparency and overcome Trade protectionism promotes trade liberalization. The so-called trade liberalization is to allow free movement of goods and factors of production. Under the influence of the law of international values, we can stimulate competition, encourage development, improve management level, promote world-wide division of labor and trade, and expand the market. At the same time, consumers Get cheap goods and services. However, given the unbalanced development of the world economy and its members, trade liberalization has the following characteristics: (1) not absolute trade liberalization; (2) trade liberalization is a gradual process; (3) allowing developing country members (4) encouraging the planned economy to shift to a market economy, and WTO adopting an incentive policy for the countries with economies in transition; (5) WTO is not a “free trade” institution, it is only Committed to the gradual liberalization of trade