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目的了解新疆和田地区特殊群体病毒性肝炎的感染状况,为预防该人群病毒性肝炎提供科学依据。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测新疆和田地区2所福利学校151名6～19岁孤儿血清的病毒性肝炎特异性指标,并进行统计学分析。结果该人群甲型病毒性肝炎自然感染率为92.72%,其中男性感染率为92.63%,女性感染率为92.86%;乙型病毒性肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率为0.66%,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)总感染率为11.92%,其中男性感染率为17.89%,女性感染率为1.79%;戊型病毒性肝炎感染率为8.61%,其中男性感染率为8.42%,女性感染率为8.93%;随着年龄的增长各型病毒性肝炎的感染率都呈上升趋势。结论该群体甲型病毒性肝炎和戊型病毒性肝炎感染率均高于新疆同年龄段的平均水平,乙型病毒性肝炎HBsAg阳性率、HBV总感染率明显低于新疆同年龄段的平均水平。加强对这一群体的卫生宣传,改善卫生条件,积极预防甲肝及戊肝等肠道传播疾病,并进行乙型病毒性肝炎疫苗的接种是十分必要的。
Objective To understand the prevalence of viral hepatitis among the special groups in Hetian, Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of viral hepatitis in this population. Methods Serum levels of 151 hepatitis viruses from 6 to 19 years old orphans in two welfare schools in Hetian were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and statistical analysis was performed. Results The natural infection rate of type A viral hepatitis in this population was 92.72%, of which the male infection rate was 92.63% and the female infection rate was 92.86%; the positive rate of HBsAg was 0.66%, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection rate was 11.92%, of which the male infection rate was 17.89%, the female infection rate was 1.79%; the viral hepatitis E infection rate was 8.61%, of which the male infection rate was 8.42%, the female infection rate was 8.93% With the increase of age, the infection rate of various types of viral hepatitis showed an upward trend. Conclusions The prevalence of type A and type E viral hepatitis in this population is higher than that of the same age group in Xinjiang. The positive rate of HBsAg and the total HBV infection rate of type B viral hepatitis are significantly lower than those of the same age in Xinjiang . It is imperative to step up health promotion of this group, improve sanitation conditions, actively prevent gut-borne diseases such as hepatitis A and E, and vaccinate against hepatitis B virus.